Notes:
KPML (Knowledge-based phrase-structure natural language generation) is a computational model for natural language generation that uses knowledge representation and reasoning techniques to generate coherent sentences and text. It can be used to generate sentences automatically from structured knowledge sources, such as databases or ontologies, allowing for the creation of personalized, context-aware sentences. However, KPML is not specifically designed for sentence generation and may not always produce the most fluent or natural-sounding sentences. It is more commonly used for generating text in specific domains, such as technical documentation or reports.
- Realization templates are pre-defined patterns or structures that are used to generate text from structured knowledge sources. These templates specify how the knowledge should be arranged and combined to produce a coherent sentence or piece of text. For example, a realization template for a weather report might specify that the location, temperature, and forecast should be included in a certain order, with certain words and phrases used to connect them.
- Surface realization, on the other hand, is the process of taking a pre-defined structure or template and filling it in with specific words and phrases to produce a complete sentence or piece of text. In other words, it is the final step in the natural language generation process, where the generated text is given its final form and wording. This typically involves choosing the appropriate words and phrases to convey the intended meaning and making sure that the sentence is grammatically correct and sounds natural.
Resources:
Wikipedia:
- Systemic functional linguistics .. (SFL) is an approach to linguistics that considers language as a social semiotic system
See also:
Natural Language Generation | OpenCCG (OpenNLP CCG Library) | Realizers In Natural Language Processing | SimpleNLG Realization Engine
A dialogue system for indoor wayfinding using text-based natural language H Cuayáhuitl, N Dethlefs, KF Richter… – International Journal of …, 2010 – macs.hw.ac.uk … While these could be verbalised by a template-based approach, we instead use full NLG and aim to make our descriptions more … (2002) 327–334 [12] Bateman, JA: Enabling technology for multilingual natural language generation: the KPML development environment … Cited by 17 Related articles
Natural Language Generation O Dušek – 2013 – ufal.mff.cuni.cz … Czech NLG forÚFAL Dialogue Systems … INLG KPML Bateman, JA 1997. Enabling technology for multilingual natural language generation: the KPML development environment. Natural Language Engineering http://purl.org/net/kpml OpenCCG White, M. and Baldrige, J. 2003. … Related articles All 2 versions
Literature Research into Natural Language Generation for the Virtual Storyteller M Hoek – hmi.ewi.utwente.nl … Because this task is usually similar between NLG systems, it can be useful and time-saving to use an existing off-the-shelf realizer. KPML Bateman (1997) describes KPML, a ‘development envi- ronment’ for Natural Language Generation systems. … Related articles All 3 versions
A policy-based approach to context dependent natural language generation T Bouttaz, E Pignotti, C Mellish, P Edwards – … on Natural Language …, 2011 – dl.acm.org … We plan to do this by comparing the use of the main system with the use of versions that have specific features (NLG service, policy-driven NLG service) disabled, following a … Enabling technology for multilin- gual natural language generation: the KPML de- velopment … Cited by 12 Related articles All 12 versions
Natural Language Generation and Semantic Technologies K Staykova – Cybernetics and Information Technologies, 2014 – degruyter.com … is offered by the generators working with systemic-functional grammars: Penman [30] and its descendent KPML [2]. Systemic … area of functional linguistics, which has exerted a far greater influence on the larger-scale NLG systems than on the natural language analysis. … Related articles All 2 versions
Elaborate descriptive information in indoor route instructions V Mast, C Jian, D Zhekova – Proceedings of the 34th …, 2012 – palm.mindmodeling.org … Richter, 2007). 3) Natural lan- guage generation with the probabilistic context-free represen- tational underspecification framework (Belz, 2008) and the KPML natural language generation system (Bateman, 1997). In the basic … Cited by 8 Related articles All 4 versions
A Dialogue System for Indoor Wayfinding Using Text-Based Natural Language TT RICHTER, J BATEMAN – gelbukh.com … be verbalised by a template- based approach, we instead use full NLG and aim … JA: Enabling technology for multilingual natural language gen- eration: the KPML development environment. Journal of Natural Language Engineering 3(1) (1997) 15–55 [13] Ross, RJ, Bateman, JA … Related articles All 5 versions
Computing accurate grammatical feedback in a virtual writing conference for German-speaking elementary-school children: An approach based on natural language … K Harbusch, G Itsova, U Koch, C Kühner – CALICO Journal, 2013 – equinoxpub.com … The main reason is likely the fact that virtually all natural language generation systems work in a best-first manner to produce only one … Zamorano Mansilla’s (2004) project is the only one to our knowledge that has applied a sentence generator (KPML; Bateman, 1997) to the … Cited by 5 Related articles All 8 versions
Natural language generation and semantic web technologies N Bouayad-Agha, G Casamayor… – Semantic Web …, 2012 – semantic-web-journal.org … Abstract. Natural Language Generation (NLG) is concerned with transforming some formal content input into a natural language output, given some communicative goal. Although this input has taken many forms and representations … Cited by 3 Related articles All 2 versions
Natural language generation in the context of the semantic web N Bouayad-Agha, G Casamayor, L Wanner – Semantic Web, 2014 – IOS Press … Abstract. Natural Language Generation (NLG) is concerned with transforming given content input into a natural language out- put, given some communicative goal. Although this input can take various forms and representations … Cited by 7 Related articles All 4 versions
From Ontology to NL: Generation of multilingual user-oriented environmental reports N Bouayad-Agha, G Casamayor, S Mille… – Natural Language …, 2012 – Springer … The ontologies, their user query-based population and the men- tioned NLG modules are implemented in a service-based architecture described in … 1. Bateman, J.: Enabling technology for multilingual natural language generation: the KPML development environment … Cited by 14 Related articles All 8 versions
Extracting Surface Realisation Templates from Corpora. TD Tadeu, EM de Novais, I Paraboni – LREC, 2010 – hnk.ffzg.hr … solution to the problem of input specification, which in our case is simply based on natural language. … of semantic knowledge, which may be suitable to a wide range of NLG applications that … al., 2003) or a grammar-based approach as KPML (Bateman, 1997), we notice that the … Related articles All 9 versions
Deep Reasoning in Clarification Dialogues with Mobile Robots H Coelho – ECAI 2010: 19th European Conference on Artificial …, 2010 – books.google.com … Consequently, SimSpace translates these results into a corresponding expression in the sentence plan- ning language SPL in order to allow generation of a corresponding natural language response using the KPML natural language gener- ator [3]. In this case, the response:“I … Cited by 3 Related articles All 6 versions
Towards a Description of Symbolic Maps DC Vale, E Vales, R Izgalieva – INLG 2014, 2014 – anthology.aclweb.org … GMD-Forschungszentrum Informationstechnik GmbH, Sankt Augustin. John A. Bateman. 1997. Enabling technology for multilingual natural language generation: the KPML development environment. Natural Language Engineering, 3 (1): 15–55. John A. Bateman. 2008. … Related articles All 6 versions
A Development Environment for MTT-Based Sentence Generators B Bohnet, A Langjahr, L Wanner – coleweb.dc.fi.udc.es … Bateman, JA 1997. Enabling technology for multilingual natural language genera- tion: the KPML development environment. Natural Language Engineering. 3.2:15{55. Coch, J. 1997. Quand l’ordinateur prend la plume : la g en eration de textes. Document Num erique. 1.3. … Related articles All 2 versions
Hierarchical reinforcement learning for adaptive text generation N Dethlefs, H Cuayáhuitl – … of the 6th International Natural Language …, 2010 – dl.acm.org … We will therefore train our agent to generate texts with an about medium alignment score. 3 Hierarchical Reinforcement Learning for NLG … Finally, the constructed SPL is passed to the KPML surface generator (Bateman, 1997) for string realisation. 7 Discussion … Cited by 21 Related articles All 10 versions
Context-Sensitive Natural Language Generation: From Knowledge-Driven to Data-Driven Techniques N Dethlefs – Language and Linguistics Compass, 2014 – Wiley Online Library … Natural Language Generation (NLG) systems across domains typically face an uncertainty with respect to the best utterance to generate in a given context. The reason is that utterances can have different effects depending on … Cited by 2 Related articles All 3 versions
Generating natural language descriptions from OWL ontologies: the NaturalOWL system I Androutsopoulos, G Lampouras, D Galanis – Journal of Artificial …, 2013 – jair.org … To produce fluent, coherent multi-sentence texts, Naturalowl relies on natural language generation (nlg) methods (McKeown, 1985; Reiter & Dale, 2000) to a larger extent compared to ex- isting owl verbalizers; for example, it includes mechanisms to avoid repeating information … Cited by 8 Related articles All 5 versions
Text generation for brazilian portuguese: the surface realization task EM de Novais, TD Tadeu, I Paraboni – … of the NAACL HLT 2010 Young …, 2010 – dl.acm.org … Bateman, JA (1997) Enabling technology for multilin- gual natural language generation: the KPML devel- opment environment. Natural Language Engineering, 3(1):15–55. … DeVault, David, David Traum and Ron Arstein (2008) Practical Grammar-Based NLG from Examples. … Cited by 3 Related articles All 14 versions
Concept-to-Speech Generation by Integrating Syntagmatic Features into HMM-Based Speech Synthesis X Wang, ZH Ling, LR Dai – Fifteenth Annual Conference of the …, 2014 – 193.6.4.39 … vol. 51, no. 11, pp. 1039–1064, 2009. [7] JA Bateman, “Enabling technology for multilingual natural lan- guage generation: the KPML development environment,” Natural Language Engineering, vol. 3, no. 1, pp. 15–55, 1997. [8 … Related articles All 4 versions
Towards linguistic descriptions of phenomena G Trivino, M Sugeno – International Journal of Approximate Reasoning, 2013 – Elsevier … generation. Cassell, London (1999). [42]; J. Bateman; Enabling technology for multilingual natural language generation: the kpml development environment. Natural Language Engineering, vol. 1Cambridge University Press (1997). [43 … Cited by 7 Related articles All 4 versions
Generating natural language descriptions from OWL ontologies: A detailed presentation of the NaturalOWL system I Androutsopoulos, G Lampouras, D Galanis – 2012 – pages.cs.aueb.gr … Emilion wine is made exclusively from Cabernet Sauvignon grapes. In this article, we provide a detailed description of an open-source natural language generation (nlg) 2 Consult http://www.w3.org/TR/owl2-syntax/ for more information on owl’s functional-style syntax. … Cited by 2 Related articles All 6 versions
JSREAL: A Text Realizer for Web Programming N Daoust, G Lapalme – Language Production, Cognition, and the Lexicon, 2015 – Springer … 2014, from http://daou.st/lightbringer/index.php?ong=4. Downloadable NLG systems … 9, 2013, from http://www.fb10.uni-bremen.de/anglistik/langpro/kpml/README. html … In Proceedings of the Fifth Conference on Applied Natural Language Processing (pp … Related articles All 4 versions
Applying the General Upper Model for Automatic Generation of Spatial Language in Brazilian Portuguese RG de Oliveira – 2013 – fb10.uni-bremen.de … 48 4. The System 55 4.1. Natural Language Generation . . . . . 55 4.2. The KPML Generator . . . . . 56 4.3. Brazilian Portuguese in KPML . . . . . 59 4.4. Revisiting Analysis . . . . . … Related articles All 2 versions
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Natural Language Interaction With Semantic Web Ontologies G Lampouras – nlp.cs.aueb.gr … in the OWL statements can be automatically reflected in the texts by regenerating them. To produce fluent, coherent multi-sentence texts, NaturalOWL relies on natural language generation (NLG) methods (McKeown, 1985; Reiter and Dale, 2000) to a larger extent …
Towards a programmable instrumented generator C Mellish – Proceedings of the 6th International Natural Language …, 2010 – dl.acm.org … The separation of logic and con- trol supported by the PIG architecture could change the way we think about NLG systems in the first place. … John Bateman. 1997. Enabling technology for multilin- gual natural language generation: the KPML devel- opment environment. … Related articles All 7 versions
Supporting process model validation through natural language generation H Leopold, J Mendling, A Polyvyanyy – 2014 – ieeexplore.ieee.org Page 1. Supporting Process Model Validation through Natural Language Generation … Page 2. 2 BACKGROUND In this section, we first clarify the role of natural language in process validation to illustrate the need for text generation from process models. … Cited by 2 Related articles All 16 versions
A proposal for a Spanish surface realization shared task P Gervás, M Ballesteros – … European Workshop on Natural Language …, 2011 – dl.acm.org … In general terms, the spirit of this proposal is that the use of languages, other than English, in NLG should be … 1995. Basic technology for multilin- gual theory and practise: the kpml development envi- roment … Multilingual natural language genera- tion for 3d learning environments … Related articles All 9 versions
Discourse planning for information composition and delivery: A reusable platform CÉ Paris, N Colineau, A Lampert… – Natural Language …, 2010 – Cambridge Univ Press … By combining the flexibility of discourse planning technologies with Natural Language Generation (NLG … Much work in NLG has focussed on developing specific applications, addressing the … made into reusable components – eg Mumble (McDonald, 1980), KPML (Bateman, 1997 … Cited by 12 Related articles All 5 versions
Dependency-based n-gram models for general purpose sentence realisation Y Guo, H Wang, J Van Genabith – Natural Language …, 2011 – Cambridge Univ Press … In the traditional NLG systems, this knowledge is encoded in the form of … most influential systems in this category include FUF (Elhadad 1993), a natural language surface generator … under the formalism of functional unification grammar (Kay 1979); Penman/KPML (Bateman 1997 … Cited by 25 Related articles All 19 versions
A Hybrid Approach for Machine Translation Based on Cross-language Information Retrieval C Servan, N Semmar – Citeseer … Montreal, Les Presses de l’Universite de Montreal, 1993. [12] JA Bateman, “Enabling technology for multilingual natural language generation: the KPML development environment”, Natural Language Engineering, 1997. [13 … Related articles All 3 versions
A Lesk-inspired Unsupervised Algorithm for Lexical Choice from WordNet Synsets V Basile – The First Italian Conference on Computational …, 2014 – torrossa.it … knowledge, WordNet has not been used so far as supporting ontology for generation, even though there exists work on the usefulness of such resource for NLG- related tasks … Enabling technology for mul- tilingual natural language generation: the kpml de- velopment … All 2 versions
Generation of adaptive route descriptions in urban environments N Dethlefs, Y Wu, A Kazerani… – Spatial Cognition and …, 2011 – Taylor & Francis … Natural Language Generation (NLG) is concerned with transforming a semantic representation (or logical form) of a … into a string of words by passing it through a natural language generator that … the following logical form, which serves as an input to the KPML generation system … Cited by 4 Related articles All 3 versions
Automatic generation of tests from domain and multimedia ontologies A Papasalouros, K Kotis, K Kanaris – Interactive Learning …, 2011 – Taylor & Francis … 3. The application of NLG techniques for actual sentence generation (Bateman, 19973. Bateman, J. 1997. Enabling technology for multilingual natural language generation: The KPML development environment. Natural Language Engineering, 3: 15–55. … Cited by 5 Related articles All 5 versions
Template Authoring Environment for the Automatic Generation of Narrative Content MF Caropreso, D Inkpen, F Keshtkar… – Journal of Interactive …, 2012 – editlib.org … natural language Generation (NLG) is the process of constructing out- puts from non-linguistic inputs (Bateman, 2002 … however, the use of the available nlG systems is far from simple … systems often require extensive linguistic knowledge, as in the case of the kpMl (koMet-penman … Related articles All 2 versions
Extractive email thread summarization: Can we do better than He Said She Said? PA Duboue – … of the Seventh International Natural Language …, 2012 – dl.acm.org … KPML: The KOMET–Penman multilingual linguistic resource development environ- ment. … Should corpora texts be gold standards for NLG? In Proceedings of Second International Conference on Natural Language Gen- eration INLG-2002, pages 97–104, Arden House, NY. … Cited by 2 Related articles All 9 versions
Generation of Multilingual Personalized Environmental Bulletins from an OWL-based Ontology N Bouayad-Agha, G Casamayor, S Mille, M Rospocher… – dkm-static.fbk.eu … We show how a large scale instantiation of this framework in the environmental domain serves multilingual NLG. 1. Introduction … Bibliography 1. Bateman, J.: Enabling technology for multilingual natural language generation: the KPML develop- ment environment. … Related articles
Children’s Turn-Taking Behavior Adaptation in Multi-Session Interactions with a Humanoid Robot I Kruijff-Korbayová, I Baroni, M Nalin… – Special Issue of …, 2013 – deib.polimi.it … The utterance planner, which was inspired by the KPML system5, is implemented as a general rule-based graph rewriting engine. … The verbal output of the system is produced by the natural language generation (NLG) and Text-To-Speech Synthesis (TTS) components. … Cited by 2 Related articles All 3 versions
RTG Based Surface Realization from Dependency Representation S Narayan – 2011 – homepages.inf.ed.ac.uk … Natural Language Generation (NLG) involves mapping from the communication goal to some surface utterances using … Surface real- ization is the back-end task in the NLG pipeline. … high-quality publications in the area of surface realization (eg, SURGE, KPML, RealPro [Lavoie … Cited by 2 Related articles All 2 versions
Typeful ontologies with direct multilingual verbalization K Angelov, R Enache – Controlled natural language, 2012 – Springer … The representation of SUMO in GF preserves the expressivity of the original ontology, adding to this the advantages of a type system and built-in support for natural language generation. … GF is a type-theoretical gram- mar formalism mainly used for natural language applications. … Cited by 15 Related articles All 13 versions
Qualitative spatial modelling of human route instructions to mobile robots H Shi, C Jian, B Krieg-Bruckner – Advances in Computer- …, 2010 – ieeexplore.ieee.org … pre-sepcified reasoning strategy (as discussed above), SimSpace then translates the reasoning results into a corresponing expression in the sentence planning language SPL so as to allow generation of a corresponding natural language response using the KPML generator [3 … Cited by 6 Related articles All 5 versions
Summary and Outlook X Lu – Computational Methods for Corpus Annotation and …, 2014 – Springer … Accessed 11 May 2013. Bateman, JA 1997. Enabling technology for multilingual natural language generation: The KPML development environment, Journal of Natural Language Engineering 3:15–55.CrossRef. Bird, S., E. Klein, and E. Loper. 2009. … Related articles
Automate session setup based on machine learning J Putrevu, X Wu… – … Services Architecture and …, 2010 – ieeexplore.ieee.org … In natural language processing field, text mining is a well studied topic with many models, papers, and implementations [12]. … monitor users’ communication activities by subscribing to the Communication Manager for SIP dialog events [2] and key pressing events (KPML) [3]. By … Cited by 2 Related articles All 2 versions
Reasoning and language generation in the sumo ontology R Enache – 2010 – publications.lib.chalmers.se … 20 2.3 Translation of SUMO Higher-Order Functions to GF . . . . . 23 2.4 Evaluation of the Translation of SUMO to GF . . . . . 27 3 Natural Language Generation 35 3.1 Evaluation of NLG in SUMO . . . . . 35 3.2 NLG from SUMO to English . . . . . … Cited by 7 Related articles
A computational approach to the analysis and generation of emotion in text F Keshtkar – 2011 – ruor.uottawa.ca … need a parallel corpus. In Natural Language Generation (NLG), paraphrasing is employed to create more varied and natural text. … Authoring Tool for Generation of Templates Natural Language Generation (NLG) systems can make data accessible in an easily di- … Cited by 3 Related articles All 4 versions
Perspective-oriented generation of football match summaries: Old tasks, new challenges N Bouayad-Agha, G Casamayor, S Mille… – ACM Transactions on …, 2012 – dl.acm.org … 1. INTRODUCTION Generation of team sports commentaries is an old task in Natural Language Text Generation (NLG) in that it has been repeatedly a subject of investigation in the field; see, for instance, André et al. [1988]; Binsted [1998]; Tanaka-Ishii et al. [1998]; Voelz et al. … Cited by 9 Related articles
Documenting endangered languages with Linguist’s Assistant S Beale – 2012 – scholarspace.manoa.hawaii.edu … Although multi-lingual re-use of grammatical descriptions along the lines of KPML (Bateman, 1997) was not a design goal in LA, we intend to describe in future publications how the KPML development cycle of copy (language resources from a somewhat related language … Cited by 7 Related articles All 6 versions
Broad coverage multilingual deep sentence generation with a stochastic multi-level realizer B Bohnet, L Wanner, S Mille, A Burga – Proceedings of the 23rd …, 2010 – dl.acm.org … Recent years saw a significant increase of inter- est in corpus-based natural language generation (NLG), and … Given the aspiration of NLG to start from numeric time series or conceptual or … pointed out by Belz (2008), traditional wide coverage realizers such as KPML (Bateman et … Cited by 23 Related articles All 10 versions
The Translator ‘S Assistant TJ Allman – 2010 – thebibletranslatorsassistant.org … 37 2-5 A Chooser in KPML …………… 38 2-6 A KPML Realization Statement for English Mood …………… 39 … 1.1 Introduction This dissertation will describe a natural language generator (NLG) called The … Related articles All 13 versions
Project IED4/1/5827 K Vander Linden, C Paris – nltg.brighton.ac.uk … It is performed within the Komet Penman MultiLingual development environment (KPML) (Bateman, 1994). This chapter will review the KPML environment. … The theoretical foundation of KPML is Systemic Functional Linguistics (SFL) (Halliday, 1976). … Related articles All 6 versions
Extracting Data Objects and Their States from Process Models A Meyer, M Weske – Enterprise Distributed Object Computing …, 2013 – ieeexplore.ieee.org Page 1. Extracting Data Objects and their States from Process Models Andreas Meyer and Mathias Weske Business Process Technology Group Hasso Plattner Institute at the University of Potsdam Potsdam, Germany {Andreas.Meyer,Mathias.Weske}@hpi.uni-potsdam.de … Cited by 1 Related articles All 3 versions
Tense and aspect assignment in narrative discourse DK Elson, KR McKeown – … of the 6th International Natural Language …, 2010 – dl.acm.org … We found that developing a custom realizer as a module to our Java-based sys- tem was preferable to integrating a large, general purpose system such as KPML/Nigel (Matthiessen and Bateman, 1991) or FUF/SURGE (Elhadad and Robin, 1996). … Cited by 9 Related articles All 10 versions
Language and space: A two-level semantic approach based on principles of ontological engineering JA Bateman – International Journal of Speech Technology, 2010 – Springer … system’s interaction. This is far from straightforward. The situated interpretation of natural language concerning space, spatial relationships and spa- tial activities represents an unsolved challenge at this time. Despite extensive … Cited by 26 Related articles All 6 versions
Scientific registers and disciplinary diversification: a comparable corpus approach E Teich, S Degaetano-Ortlieb, H Kermes… – ACL 2013, 2013 – aclweb.org … Literary and Linguistic Com- puting, 21 (3): 259–274, 2006. John A. Bateman. Enabling technology for multilingual natural language generation: The KPML development environment. Journal of Natural Language Engineering, 3 (1): 15–55, 1997. Douglas Biber. … Cited by 3 Related articles All 8 versions
Spatially-aware dialogue control using hierarchical reinforcement learning H Cuayáhuitl, N Dethlefs – ACM Transactions on Speech and Language …, 2011 – dl.acm.org … Categories and Subject Descriptors: H.5.2 [User Interfaces]: Natural Language—Dialogue systems; I.2.7 [Artificial Intelligence]: Natural Language Processing—Conversational agents General Terms: Algorithms, Performances, Experimentation Additional Key Words and … Cited by 18 Related articles All 5 versions
Systemic Functional Linguistics, Cognitive Linguistics and psycholinguistics: Opportunities for dialogue CS Butler – Functions of language, 2013 – ingentaconnect.com … language, to realise that the Cardiff model was from a fairly ear- ly stage developed within the framework of a Natural Language Processing (NLP … to use in text generation by computer, in the PENMAN project (see eg Matthiessen & Bateman 1991) and later KPML (eg Bateman … Related articles All 3 versions
Spatially-Aware Dialogue Control Using Hierarchical Reinforcement Learning HC AHUITL, N DETHLEFS – comp.nus.edu.sg … Categories and Subject Descriptors: H.5.2 [User Interfaces]: Natural Language—Dialogue systems; I.2.7 [Artificial Intelligence]: Natural Language Processing—Conversational agents General Terms: Algorithms, Performances, Experimentation Additional Key Words and … Related articles
Project IED4/1/5827 A Hartley, C Paris – itri.bton.ac.uk … (See (Vander Linden and Paris, 1995) for a fuller description of KPML and SFL, the theory on which it is based.) The organisation of lexico-grammatical resources according to this principle is well-suited to natural language generation, where the starting point is necessarily a … Related articles All 6 versions
The Teacher Mode Of The Sentence Fairy System: How To Create Your Own E-Learning Writing Lessons For German Elementary … K Harbusch, C Franz, U Koch – ICERI2012 Proceedings, 2012 – userpages.uni-koblenz.de … Virtually all recent natural language generation systems work in a best-first manner, ie, produce only one output sentence rather than the … was developed by Zamorano Mansilla [30], who applied a sentence generator (KPML [2]) to the recognition and diagnosis of writing errors … Related articles All 4 versions
Comparing the performance of two TAG-based surface realisers using controlled grammar traversal C Gardent, B Gottesman… – Proceedings of the 23rd …, 2010 – dl.acm.org … larly, Callaway (2003) builds an evaluation bench- mark by transforming PTB trees into a format suitable for the KPML realiser he … To associate seman- tic representations with natural language expres- sions, the FTAG is modified as proposed by Gar- dent and Kallmeyer (2003). … Cited by 2 Related articles All 13 versions
Project IED4/1/5827 C Paris, K Vander Linden, R Evans, D Scott – itri.brighton.ac.uk … The French grammar will be built in the KPML development environment (Bateman, 1994), a multilingual extension to the Penman system. 2.3 Processing Modules … Page 16. 10 July-1994/ITRI Common Lisp (DPAns) LOOM 2.0 KPML 0.5 2.5.3 Support Facilities … Related articles All 6 versions
Situated dialogue processing for human-robot interaction GJM Kruijff, P Lison, T Benjamin, H Jacobsson… – Cognitive …, 2010 – Springer Page 1. 8 Situated Dialogue Processing for Human-Robot Interaction Geert-Jan M. Kruijff, Pierre Lison, Trevor Benjamin, Henrik Jacobsson, Hendrik Zender, Ivana Kruijff-Korbayová1, and Nick Hawes2 1 DFKI GmbH, Saarbrücken … Cited by 30 Related articles All 10 versions
Ontologies L Stanescu, DD Burdescu, M Brezovan… – Creating New Medical …, 2012 – Springer … Accessed 26 Aug 2011. 6. Sensus ontology. http://www.isi.edu/natural-language/projects/ ONTOLOGIES.html. Accessed 21 Aug 2011. 7. Penman Upper Model. http://www.fb10.uni- bremen.de/anglistik/langpro/kpml/um89/um89-root.htm. … Related articles All 2 versions
Deep stochastic sentence generation: resources and strategies S Mille – 2014 – tesisenxarxa.net … 322 Page 23. Chapter 1 Introduction The present Ph.D. thesis addresses the problem of deep Natural Language Generation (NLG), and in particular the role of proper corpus annotation schemes for stochastic sentence realization. … Related articles All 14 versions
Deep stochastic sentence generation S Mille – taln.upf.edu … 324 Page 23. Chapter 1 Introduction The present Ph.D. thesis addresses the problem of deep Natural Language Generation (NLG), and in particular the role of proper corpus annotation schemata for stochastic sentence realization. … Related articles
Prospects for e-grammars and endangered languages corpora S Drude – 2012 – scholarspace.manoa.hawaii.edu … 2002), Meta-Grammar (Kinyon et al. 2006), OpenCCG (Baldridge et al. 2007), or KPML (Bateman et al. 2005). … 2005. Multilingual resource sharing across both related and unrelated languages: An implemented, open-source framework for practical natural language generation. … Related articles All 4 versions
Flexible text structuring for the final prototype (documentation to the software) GJM Kruijff, I Kruijff-Korbayová, S Sharoff, I Hadjiiliev… – mcs.open.ac.uk … Making use of the KPML paradigm, we would now be able to writetext grammarsin the same spirit … such, and in relation to thestate of the art in the area of Natural Language Generation. … of a sentence planner in the context of a general reference architecture for NLG systems was … Related articles
[BOOK] Hat Categories: Representing Form and Function Simultaneously in Combinatory Categorial Grammar M Honnibal – 2010 – it.usyd.edu.au … The exact mechanisms that govern the composition and generation of sentences in a natural language continue to elude us, despite the unconscious ease with which … discovered the massive ambiguity of natural language grammars, and found that deterministic … Cited by 3 Related articles All 2 versions
Integration of complex language models in ASR and LU systems R Justo, MI Torres – Pattern Analysis and Applications, 2014 – Springer … This fact promotes the speech- recognition and natural-language components to be tightly coupled so that only the acoustically promising hypotheses that are semantically meaningful are advanced. … (13). PMhsl ð ¯wÞ ¼ kPMl ð ¯wÞþð1 À kÞPMsl ð ¯wÞ ð13Þ … Related articles
End-to-End Discourse Parsing with Cascaded Structured Prediction S Ghosh – 2012 – eprints-phd.biblio.unitn.it … Page 2. Page 3. Abstract Parsing discourse is a challenging natural language processing task. In this research work first we take a data driven approach to identify arguments of explicit discourse connectives. … 20 1.1.4.6 Natural Language Generation . . . . . … Cited by 5 Related articles
[BOOK] Creating New Medical Ontologies for Image Annotation: A Case Study L Stanescu, DD Burdescu, M Brezovan, CG Mihai – 2011 – books.google.com Page 1. SPRINGER BRIEFS IN ELECTRICAL AND COMPUTER ENGINEERING Liana Stanescu – Dumitru Dan Brdescu Creating New Medial Ontologies for Image ‘ ‘ Annotation A Case Study Page 2. SpringerBriefs in Electrical … Cited by 3 Related articles All 5 versions