BDI (Belief-Desire-Intention) & Dialog Systems

Notes:

BDI, or Belief-Desire-Intention, is a model of human decision-making that is often used in artificial intelligence and natural language processing to represent and simulate the decision-making process of virtual agents or characters.

In the BDI model, a virtual agent has three main components: beliefs, desires, and intentions. Beliefs represent the agent’s knowledge and understanding of the world, including its current state and the relationships between objects and events. Desires represent the agent’s goals and preferences, and intentions represent the actions the agent plans to take in order to achieve its goals.

BDI can be used in dialog systems to enable virtual agents or chatbots to engage in more natural and believable conversations with users. By modeling the decision-making process of the virtual agent using BDI, the dialog system can generate responses that are based on the agent’s beliefs, desires, and intentions, rather than simply following a fixed script. This can make the dialog system more flexible and adaptable, and enable it to engage in more realistic and varied conversations with users.

Graphical Autonomous Intelligent Virtual Agents (GAIVAs) are virtual characters that are designed to be intelligent and autonomous. They are typically used in simulations, games, and other interactive applications to provide a realistic and immersive experience.

GAIVAs are often programmed to exhibit a range of behaviors and characteristics, such as the ability to communicate, learn, make decisions, and interact with the environment. They may also be programmed to exhibit emotions and personalities, and to respond to the actions and behaviors of users in a natural and believable way.

GAIVAs can be used in a variety of applications, including simulations, training, education, entertainment, and more. For example, GAIVAs can be used to create realistic and immersive simulations of real-world scenarios, such as emergency response training or medical simulations. They can also be used to create interactive and engaging characters for games and other interactive experiences.

Resources:

sourceforge.net/projects/nuin .. Java BDI agent engine for semantic web agents

Wikipedia:

References:

A dialogue model of belief D Walton – Argument and Computation, 2010 – Taylor & Francis … This paper offers a new model of belief by embedding the Peircean account of belief into a formal dialogue system that uses … It is argued that the new model overcomes the pervasive conflict in artificial intelligence between the belief-desire-intention model of reasoning and the … Cited by 9 Related articles All 3 versions

Cognitively motivated episodic memory for a virtual guide F Rabe, I Wachsmuth – ICAART 2012-Proceedings of the 4th …, 2012 – pub.uni-bielefeld.de … we have introduced the virtual hu- manoid agent Max (Leßmann et al., 2006) who al- ready has lots of skills and is based on a belief – desire – intention (BDI) cognitive … In Proceedings of the 2010 Work- shop on Companionable Dialogue Systems, pages 1– 6, Uppsala, Sweden … Cited by 4 Related articles All 3 versions

A multiparty multimodal architecture for realtime turntaking KR Thórisson, O Gislason, GR Jonsdottir… – Intelligent Virtual …, 2010 – Springer … Many dialogue systems have been built over the years that address some subset of the many complex factors that shape the behav … They integrated turntaking mechanisms of the Max agent in a belief-desire-intention (BDI) ar- chitecture (although the BDI approach itself is not … Cited by 9 Related articles All 9 versions

Towards episodic memory-based long-term affective interaction with a human-like robot Z Kasap, N Magnenat-Thalmann – RO-MAN, 2010 IEEE, 2010 – ieeexplore.ieee.org … Plans generated by the HTN planner are executed by a Finite-state-machine (FSM) based dialogue system in order to produce appropriate responses. … Belief-Desire- Intention (BDI) architectures are also widely used goal-based architectures. Harbers et al. … Cited by 11 Related articles All 4 versions

Flexible conversation management using a bdi agent approach W Wong, L Cavedon, J Thangarajah… – Intelligent Virtual Agents, 2012 – Springer … We describe a BDI (Belief, Desire, Intention) goal-oriented architecture for a conversational virtual companion embodied as a child’s Toy, designed to … W., Dignum, F.: Goal-based communication using bdi agents as virtual humans in training: An ontology driven dialogue system. … Cited by 3 Related articles All 10 versions

Glengarry Glen Ross: Using BDI for Sales Game Dialogues. TJ Muller, A Heuvelink, K van den Bosch, I Swartjes – AIIDE, 2012 – musicweb.ucsd.edu … One alternative to scripting dialogues is the use of the Belief-Desire-Intention (BDI) model of human behavior, proposed by Michal Bratman (1987). … 2011. Goal-Based Communication Using BDI Agents as Virtual Humans in Training: An Ontology Driven Dialogue System. … Cited by 2 Related articles All 8 versions

Task-oriented conversational behavior of agents for collaboration in human-agent teamwork M Barange, A Kabil, C De Keukelaere… – Advances in Practical …, 2014 – Springer … As team members must have the shared understanding of skills, goals and intentions of other team members, we proposed a belief-desire-intention based (BDI-like … Moreover, [4] proposed an agent based dialogue system by providing dialogue acts for collaborative problem … Cited by 1 Related articles All 2 versions

Communicative capabilities of agents for the collaboration in a human-agent team M Barange, A Kabil, C De Keukelaere… – ACHI 2014, The …, 2014 – thinkmind.org … have the shared understanding of skills, goals and intentions of other team members, we proposed a belief-desire-intention based (BDI … Moreover, [11] proposed an agent based dialogue system by providing dialogue acts for collaborative problem solving between a user and a … Cited by 1 Related articles

Cognitive Architecture of an Agent for Human-Agent Dialogues J Baskar, H Lindgren – … of Practical Applications of Heterogeneous Multi- …, 2014 – Springer … An automated counseling dialogue system is discussed in [17], which uses an ontology to represent the knowledge and the user model. … The canonical model of an agent described by Fox and coworkers [7] is an ex- tension of the Belief-Desire-Intention (BDI) model of an … Cited by 1 Related articles All 6 versions

Multi-agent framework for social customer relationship management systems C Olszak – Proceedings of the Informing Science and Information …, 2013 – editlib.org … A BDI (Belief, Desire, Intention) model is one of the most known models that is used for pro- gramming the agents. The model consists of three components (Bellifemine, Caire & Greenwood, 2007; Chang-Hyun & Einhorn, 2005; Oijen, van Doesburg & Dignum, 2011): … Cited by 8 Related articles All 6 versions

Conversational Agents as Full-Pledged BDI Agents for Ambient Intelligence A Mustapha, MS Ahmad, A Ahmad – Ambient Intelligence-Software and …, 2013 – Springer … The need for conversational agents based on the Belief-Desire-Intention (BDI) architec- ture rise to support natural interfaces for … Existing implementation of whether speech-based or text-based dialogue systems are primarily developed upon natural language processing … Related articles All 3 versions

Introduction: Special Issue on Charles Hamblin D Walton, R Johnson – Informal Logic, 2011 – windsor.scholarsportal.info … Through his chapter on formal dialogue systems in Fal- lacies (1970) and his paper on mathematical models of dialogue (1971), Hamblin built … This current view of rationality is the belief-desire-intention (BDI) model, which specifies that rationally justifying a claim that is subject … Related articles All 5 versions

Methods of Argumentation BJ Weaver – 2014 – pdcnet.org … The (BDI) model or belief-desire-intention model states that reasoning is based on goals that reflect the intentions of the agent whereas … a discussion of formal dialogue systems that can be applied to three “com- mitment query engines” developed to help examine and analyze …

Developing Adaptive Agents Situated in Intelligent Virtual Environments JA Rincon, E Garcia, V Julian, C Carrascosa – Hybrid Artificial Intelligence …, 2014 – Springer … Go, CAL, Lee, W.-H.: An intelligent belief-desire-intention agent for digital game- based learning. … van Oijen, J., van Doesburg, W., Dignum, F.: Goal-based communication using BDI agents as virtual humans in training: An ontology driven dialogue system. … Related articles All 3 versions

A Mixed-Initiative System for Human-Robot Interaction with Multiple UAVs in Search and Rescue Missions G Bevacqua, J Cacace, A Finzi, V Lippiello, II Federico – 2014 – aiia2014.di.unipi.it … For each supervisor, the executive control cycle is managed by a BDI (Belief Desire Intention) system [5] that orchestrates task planning, switching, decomposition, and execution. … [7] L. Lucignano, F. Cutugno, S. Rossi, A. Finzi A dialogue system for multimodal human-robot … Related articles

BDI Agents for Information Fusion in Wireless Sensor Networks P Sangulagi, AV Sutagundar, SS Manvi… – International Journal of …, 2012 – ijarcet.org … developed. The proposed architecture is based on the open source framework Jadex. Jadex is a Belief-Desire-Intention (BDI) Multi- Agent model. The … 2003). “Less is more: Using a single knowledge representation in dialogue systems”. In … Related articles

Interactive virtual characters D Thalmann, NM Thalmann – SIGGRAPH Asia 2013 Courses, 2013 – dl.acm.org Page 1. Interactive Virtual Characters Nadia Magnenat Thalmann MIRALab, University of Geneva and NTU, Singapore Daniel Thalmann NTU, Singapore and EPFL, Switzerland Syllabus • Introduction (Daniel Thalmann) 5 minutes … Related articles

A Natural Conversational Virtual Human with Multimodal Dialog System IR Ali, G Sulong, AH Basori – Jurnal Teknologi, 2014 – jurnalteknologi.utm.my … To observe relevant terms that is necessary to understand the multimodal dialog system, we will define one example on it … BDI (Belief- Desire-Intention) is a cognitively motivated architecture where beliefs represent information about the world and desires are options available to … Related articles

Introduction to Intellectual Conversational Agents K Panesar – 2015 – dspace.bradfordcollege.ac.uk … Georgeff, M., Pell, B., Pollack, M., Tambe, M. and Wooldridge, M. (1999) The Belief-Desire-Intention Model of Agency. In: Intelligent Agents V: Agents Theories, Architectures, and Languages. Springer, pp.1-10 … Page 20. Kluwer, T. (2011) From Chatbots to Dialog Systems. … Related articles

Clashes in the Infosphere, General Intelligence, and Metacognition: Final project report D Perlis, MT Cox – 2012 – drum.lib.umd.edu … We did this for human- computer dialog systems with the goal of allowing the computer to automatically determine when the human is dissatisfied with the dialog … We developed an abstract belief-desire-intention model of agents, and introduce a notion of rationality for this model …

Collaborative virtual training with physical and communicative autonomous agents T Lopez, P Chevaillier, V Gouranton… – … and Virtual Worlds, 2014 – Wiley Online Library … Some dialog systems such as TrindiKit [12] are based on information state (IS) updates, whereas some others such as COLLAGEN [13] are using agent-based model for the … The agent architecture borrows the principles of the Belief, Desire, Intention Architecture [23, 24]. … Related articles All 15 versions

Model for Social Customer Relationship Management. Multi-Agent Approach CM Olszak, T Bartu? – Zarz?dzanie i Finanse, 2013 – zif.wzr.pl … A BDI (Belief, Desire, Intention) model is one of the most known models that is used for programming the agents. … J., van Doesburg WA, Dignum F. (2011), Goal-based Communications using BDI Agents as Virtual Humans in Training: An ontology Driven Dialogue Systems, [in:] J … Related articles All 5 versions

Improved Intention Discovery with Classified Emotions in A Modified POMDP S Sriram – 2012 – scholar.uwindsor.ca … 2.2.3 Dialogue Manager and General Knowledge A dialogue manager is the core component of a dialogue system. It maintains the history … modeling. The belief-desire- intention (BDI) model has come to be possibly one of the well known …

Clashes in the Infosphere, General Intelligence, and Metacognition D Perlis, MT Cox – 2012 – DTIC Document … We did this for human- computer dialog systems with the goal of allowing the computer to automatically determine when the human is dissatisfied with the dialog … We developed an abstract belief-desire-intention model of agents, and introduce a notion of rationality for this model …

Human desire inference process and analysis J Dong – 2013 – lib.dr.iastate.edu … need. In the READY system[24], the authors use Dynamic Bayesian Networks (DBNs) in a dialog system to adjust the policy in providing instructions, based on the recognized time … Belief, one component of the Belief-Desire-Intention (BDI) model [52] encompassing belief, … Related articles All 2 versions

Argumentation without arguments H Prakken – Argumentation, 2011 – Springer … Desire-Intention architecture of agents. Among other things, Joseph models how agents can reason about the norms that should hold in the society of which they are part, given the social goals that they want to promote. She then defines a dialogue system for discussions on … Cited by 6 Related articles All 8 versions

Review of Ontology Based Storytelling Devices D Winer – Language, Culture, Computation. Computing of the …, 2014 – Springer … The action level models the intentional behavior of the characters in a plot by enforcing a BDI (Belief-Desire-Intention) perspective on … Lockel, Pecourt and Pfleger (2005) [46] sought to combine multimodal dialogue systems and storytelling research to achieve immersive and … Cited by 3 Related articles All 3 versions

Geedi-guards for emotional and explanatory dialogues F Nothdurft, G Bertrand, T Heinroth… – … (IE), 2010 Sixth …, 2010 – ieeexplore.ieee.org … Douglas Walton defines successful explanation as a transfer of understanding in a dialogue system in which a questioner and a respondent take … The SPA included a BDI-agent (Belief-Desire-Intention)[14] planning the actions of the assistant and the encoding of the dialogue … Cited by 7 Related articles All 4 versions

Cognitive Models for Brain–Machine Collaborations Z Shi, J Zhang, X Yang, G Ma, B Qi, J Yue – Cyborg Intelligence – ieeexplore.ieee.org … Supported by short-term memory, we develop the motivational system, which resembles an agent us- ing the belief-desire-intention (BDI) style. … 213–361. 2. G. Ferguson and JF Allen,“Mixed- Initiative Dialogue Systems for Collaborative Problem-Solving,” AI Magazine, vol. … Related articles All 2 versions

[BOOK] ECAI 2010: 19th European Conference on Artificial Intelligence, 16-20 August 2010, Lisbon, Portugal: Including Prestigious Applications of Artificial … H Coelho, R Studer, M Wooldridge – 2010 – books.google.com Page 1. ECAI 2010 Page 2. Frontiers in Artificial Intelligence and Applications FAIA covers all aspects of theoretical and applied artificial intelligence research in the form of monographs, doctoral dissertations, textbooks, handbooks and proceedings volumes. …

Agent Communication MP Huget – Agent-Oriented Software Engineering, 2014 – Springer … It implies that both should adopt a Belief-Desire-Intention architecture [ 9 , 66 ] as demonstrated by Guerin [ 10 ] and Singh [ 11 ]. … Since the work of Hamblin [ 43 ], formal dialogue systems typically establish and maintain public sets of commitments, called commitment stores, for … Related articles All 3 versions

Using agent technology to build a real-world training application M Cap, A Heuvelink, K Van Den Bosch… – Agents for games and …, 2011 – Springer … For an extensive discussion on the ontology- driven dialog system underlying this feature of our training system, see [13]. … National Academy Press, Washington (1998) 6. Georgeff, MP, Pell, B., Pollack, ME, Tambe, M., Wooldridge, M.: The Belief-Desire- Intention Model of Agency … Cited by 1 Related articles All 11 versions

Passively Classifying Student Mood and Performance within Intelligent Tutors. RA Sottilare, MD Proctor – Educational Technology & Society, 2012 – gifttutoring.org … This model is based on a belief-desire-intention framework as illustrated in Figure 3 and includes the following states and processes: beliefs … In Artificial Intelligence in Education 2003 Workshop Proceedings on Tutorial Dialogue Systems: With a View Toward the Classroom (pp. … Cited by 17 Related articles All 14 versions

Characteristic factors and components of different modules in expert systems for intelligent tutoring system K Mishra, RB Mishra – International Journal of Advanced Intelligence …, 2011 – Inderscience … confidence; in psychological component: motivation, emotion, behaviour, concentration, puzzlement, hesitation; in mental component: belief, desire, intention, interest, preference … user affect from spontaneous speech that they call the cognitive state in a tutorial dialogue system. … Related articles All 3 versions

Evaluation of a dialogue manager for a mobile robot M Quinderé, L Seabra Lopes… – RO-MAN, 2013 …, 2013 – ieeexplore.ieee.org … Other approaches can be found in the literature [6], namely Frame-Based Systems Belief, Desire, Intention (BDI) Models, Markov Decision Process (MDP) and … It uses the Information State (IS) approach to dialogue systems [9]. It supports mixed initiative dialogues and the use of … Related articles

Tacit Contracts for Wheelchairs DC Vale, V Mast – anthology.aclweb.org … 3 Belief-Desire-Intention Approach … Logical infer- ences are made with respect to interactant’s mental states in order to plan the next verbal action of the dialogue system. The interpersonal features of the linguistic model are very simple. … Related articles All 7 versions

A computational architecture for modeling emotional behavior in synthetic agent JW Hu, L Feng, QJ Yin, HJ Deng – Computer Modeling and …, 2010 – ieeexplore.ieee.org … Environment Input Causal interpretation Agent?s Belief, Desire, Intention Extraction of features … Simulating the emotion dynamics of a multimodal conversational agent. In Workshop on Affective Dialogue Systems, pages 154–165, 2004. [9] William James. What is an emotion? … Cited by 3 Related articles All 5 versions

Programming Agents with Emotions M Dastani, C Floor, JJC Meyer – Emotion Modeling, 2014 – Springer … 48–56 (2003). 13. Gebhard, P., Klesen, M., Rist, T.: Coloring multi-character conversations through the expression of emotions. In: Proceedings of the Tutorial and Research Workshop on Affective Dialogue Systems (2004). 14. Jeffrey, RC: The Logic of Decision. … Related articles All 5 versions

Affective computing with primary and secondary emotions in a virtual human C Becker-Asano, I Wachsmuth – Autonomous Agents and Multi-Agent …, 2010 – Springer … physiological component in our computational simulation of affect.1 We also account for the motivational component, because our agent’s reasoning capabilities are modeled according to the belief-desire-intention approach to modeling rational behavior [37]. … Cited by 91 Related articles All 10 versions

Empathy-based emotional alignment for a virtual human: A three-step approach H Boukricha, I Wachsmuth – KI-Künstliche Intelligenz, 2011 – Springer … submissive). A more com- prehensive description of the empirical study is given in [3]. Similar to the virtual human MAX, EMMA has a cogni- tive architecture composed of an emotion simulation mod- ule [1] and a Belief-Desire-Intention (BDI) module [15]. … Cited by 11 Related articles All 5 versions

Pragmatically-Motivated Utterance Fine-Tuning in Human-Computer Dialogue V Popescu, J Caelen, C Burileanu – The Prague Bulletin of …, 2010 – degruyter.com … Kibble, 2006b,a). Indeed, we distance ourselves from the mentalistic approaches derived from the BDI (“Belief-Desire-Intention”) framework (Cohen … by experiments per- formed using an artificial dialogue agent, in the context of a room reservation dialogue system (Nguyen, 2005 … Related articles All 8 versions

User modeling in social interaction with a caring agent B De Carolis, I Mazzotta, N Novielli… – User Modeling and …, 2013 – Springer … Since people already have a tendency to attribute human like properties to interactive systems [ 64 ], it is expected that implementing human like properties in such environment dialog systems will have an important impact on the user–system interaction. … Cited by 4 Related articles All 3 versions

Research on method of multi-agent negotiation strategy selection G Jiang, L Wu – … in the Global Information Technology (ICCGI), …, 2010 – ieeexplore.ieee.org … scholars. For example, combined with the thought of human argument and BDI (Belief, Desire, Intention) theory, the model and system of multi-Agent negotiation implementation has been put forward [8]-[10]. The evaluations … Cited by 5 Related articles All 5 versions

Inconsistency as a diagnostic tool in a society of intelligent agents M McShane, S Beale, S Nirenburg, B Jarrell… – Artificial intelligence in …, 2012 – Elsevier … The cognitive agent engages in the well-known triad of functionalities: perception, reasoning and action. It is ideologically close to, though methodologically not identical with, the belief-desire-intention (BDI) model of agency [16]. … Cited by 7 Related articles All 6 versions

Emotional Intelligence and Agents: Survey and Possible Applications M Ivanovi?, M Radovanovi?, Z Budimac… – Proceedings of the 4th …, 2014 – dl.acm.org … Some researchers in this domain have been interested in de- veloping logical frameworks for the formal specification of emotions (usually based on the so-called BDI /belief-desire- intention/ logic). … Emotion detection in dialog systems: Applications, strategies and challenges. … Related articles All 6 versions

A Cognitive Architecture for Simulating Bodies and Minds M McShane, S Nirenburg, S Beale, R Catizone – csee.umbc.edu … Our approach to building a cognitive model is ideologically close to (though methodologically not identical with) the belief- desire-intention (BDI) model of agency … it is a central aspect of our work, our approach has most in common with that taken in the dialog systems of James … Related articles

[BOOK] Speech Technology KJF Chen, K Jokinen – 2010 – Springer … 33 Kristiina Jokinen 4 The Industry of Spoken-Dialog Systems and the Third Generation of Interactive Applications … Guidelines ATC Air Traffic Control ATIS Air Travel Information System AUI Aural User Interface AVP Attribute-Value Pair BDI Belief-Desire-Intention agent BNF … Cited by 2 Related articles All 5 versions

Design and Implementation Issues for Convincing Conversational Agents M Löckelt – … and Natural Language Interaction: Techniques and …, 2011 – books.google.com … is the series The Sims that models the motivations of its simulated characters very similarly to the BDI (belief-desire- intention) paradigm originating from … The perspective of the designer of the dialogue and the application content is often neglected in dialogue systems research. … Related articles All 3 versions

Methodologies for Conversational System Development T Nishida, A Nakazawa, Y Ohmoto… – Conversational …, 2014 – Springer … dialogue systems. Besides natural language processing issues, conversational agents must engage in social interactions. In the multiagent research community, building autonomous agents that can participate in social interaction is a common goal. The belief-desire- intention ( … Related articles All 3 versions

A Cognitive Architecture for Simulating Bodies and Minds S Nirenburg, M McShane, S Beale… – AMIA Annual …, 2011 – ncbi.nlm.nih.gov … to building a cognitive model is ideologically close to (though methodologically not identical with) the belief-desire-intention (BDI) model … to knowledge-based, language-oriented language processing than most others (the closest comparison is with the dialog systems of James … Cited by 1 Related articles All 5 versions

WASABI for affect simulation in human-computer interaction C Becker-Asano – … on Emotion Representations and Modelling for …, 2014 – becker-asano.de … ment (1). 2. A cognition module performs the reasoning based on the continuously up- dated situation descriptions it receives from the main module (2). So far, this module has been realized following the Belief-Desire-Intention (BDI) philosophy … In: Affective Dialogue Systems. … Cited by 2 Related articles

The role of affect analysis in dialogue act identification N Novielli, C Strapparava – Affective Computing, IEEE …, 2013 – ieeexplore.ieee.org … and there is a large number of applications that could benefit from automatic DA annotation, such as dialogue systems, blog analysis … for the representation of the mental states they convey [4], that is an approach grounded on the Belief-Desire- Intention paradigm traditionally … Cited by 1 Related articles All 11 versions

Ontologies Supporting Intelligent Agent-Based Assistance EC Paraiso, A Malucelli – Computing and Informatics, 2012 – cai.sk … domain.). Eriksson in [32] addresses the issues of designing ontologies for dialogue interaction and information extraction. In her work, she explores the requirements of an ontology specially designed for dialogue systems. In … Cited by 2 Related articles All 3 versions

Mechanism, modulation, and expression of empathy in a virtual human H Boukricha, I Wachsmuth – … Computational Intelligence (WACI …, 2011 – ieeexplore.ieee.org … values (dominant vs. submissive). Similar to the virtual human MAX, EMMA has a cognitive architecture composed of an emotion simulation module [7] and a Belief-Desire-Intention (BDI) module [20]. The emotion simulation … Cited by 1 Related articles All 2 versions

The Value of Values: A Survey of Value-Based Computational Argumentation K Atkinson, A Wyner – 2013 – cgi.csc.liv.ac.uk … For example, one well-known model for constructing autonomous agents is the Belief-Desire- Intention model [39], which is intended to capture essential elements … In [18] they present a dialogue system that lets agents agree to an action that each finds acceptable, but does not … Related articles All 2 versions

A demonstrator to “expose” agent-based argumentation MP Morali – 2011 – Citeseer … 2.2.2 A suitable Paradigm Quite a few different agent architectures have been proposed, with the most widely used being the Belief-Desire-Intention (BDI) paradigm, originally proposed by Rao and Georgeff (1995). The BDI architecture was inspired by the way humans think … Cited by 1 Related articles All 2 versions

Intelligent techniques for context-aware systems N Sánchez Pi – 2011 – e-archivo.uc3m.es … 24 2.3.3 Model of Belief-Desire-Intention (BDI) . . . . 25 Page 8. ii Contents 2.3.4 Agents for context-aware systems: Why agents? . . . . 28 2.4 Dialogue systems for context-awareness . . . . . 30 … Related articles All 4 versions

Artificial Emotion Simulation Techniques for Intelligent Virtual Characters V Lungu, B Sc – 2012 – aimas.cs.pub.ro … The new architecture allows for any behavior generation technique (belief-desire-intention, expert systems, behavior trees, finite state machines or even backtracking) and any machine learning algorithm (SVM, linear regression, clustering), in essence, allow- ing designers to … Cited by 1 Related articles

Agent-based museum and tour guides: applying the state of the art D Richards – Proceedings of The 8th Australasian Conference on …, 2012 – dl.acm.org … lines. The central module was the Presentation Processor which selected and executed screens using a Belief-Desire- Intention (BDI) [29] plan interpreter. Cascaded finite state machines were used to handle scene flow. The … Related articles All 3 versions

Sharing Emotions and Space–Empathy as a Basis for Cooperative Spatial Interaction H Boukricha, N Nguyen, I Wachsmuth – Intelligent Virtual Agents, 2011 – Springer … [7] introduced a dialogue system which provides the … The Virtual Human Max has a cognitive architecture composed of a Belief-Desire- Intention (BDI) module [16] and of an emotion simulation module [3]. Based on domain- specific as well as domain-independent appraisal … Cited by 1 Related articles All 9 versions

Designing for Automatic Affect Inference in Learning Environments. S Afzal, P Robinson – Educational Technology & Society, 2011 – ifets.info … Emotions User’s actions & interaction patterns Pedagogical agent based educational environment Belief-Desire- Intention (BDI) reasoning … positive emotions Acoustic-prosodic cues, discourse markers Physics Intelligent Tutoring Spoken Dialogue System– ITSPOKE Comparison … Cited by 9 Related articles All 10 versions

Developing software for training argumentation skills M Koit – the! 12th! workshop! on!! Computational! Models! of! …, 2012 – cmna.csc.liv.ac.uk … One of the most well-known models of this type is the BDI (belief-desire-intention) model [1, 2]. The paper has … 3 CONVERSATION AS UPDATE OF INFORMATION STATES Several dialogue management architectures have been implemented in dialogue systems [6]. The most … Cited by 1 Related articles All 4 versions

Coherence-based computational agency S Joseph – 2010 – dialnet.unirioja.es … 91 7.4.3 Evaluating a Norm Proposal . . . . . 91 7.5 Discussion . . . . . 94 8 Multiagent Norm Deliberation 95 8.1 Dialogue System . . . . . 96 8.1.1 Assumptions . . . . . … Cited by 8 Related articles All 5 versions

Computational Modeling of Discourse and Conversation AC Graesser, DS McNamara, V Rus, A Graesser… – 129.219.222.66 … dialogue. The information state approach is general enough to accommodate dialogue systems that range from the simplest finite-state script to the most complex Belief-Desire- Intention (BDI) model. The information state theory of dialogue modeling requires: (1) a … Cited by 1 Related articles All 3 versions

Improving human–agent communication using linguistic and ontological cues JPA Barthès – International Journal of Electronic Business, 2013 – Inderscience Page 1. Int. J. Electronic Business, Vol. 10, No. 3, 2013 207 Copyright © 2013 Inderscience Enterprises Ltd. Improving human-agent communication using linguistic and ontological cues Jean-Paul A. Barthès UMR CNRS 7253 … Cited by 1 Related articles All 4 versions

A computational model of argumentation in agreement negotiation processes M Koit, H Õim – Argument & Computation, 2014 – Taylor & Francis … Spoken dialogue systems. Princeton, NJ: Morgan & Claypool. … One of the most well-known models of this type is the belief-desire-intention (BDI) model of human practical reasoning developed as a way of explaining future-directed intention (Allen, 19951. Allen, J. (1995). … Related articles All 2 versions

[BOOK] Human-Computer Interaction K MEENA, R SIVAKUMAR – 2014 – books.google.com … Organisation 62 3.5.2 Behavioural Description 63 3.5.3 Types of Impasse in SOAR 64 3.6 Belief-Desire-Intention (BDI) 67 … 77 3.9.1 Structural Organisation of Subsumption Architecture 77 3.9.2 Behavioural Description 78 Review Questions 79 4. Spoken Dialogue System 80 4.1 … Cited by 6 Related articles

Neural Trust Model for Multi-agent Systems G Lu – 2011 – eprints.hud.ac.uk Page 1. University of Huddersfield Repository Lu, Gehao Neural Trust Model for Multi-agent Systems Original Citation Lu, Gehao (2011) Neural Trust Model for Multi-agent Systems. Doctoral thesis, University of Huddersfield. … Related articles All 3 versions

Uptake, Clarification and Argumentation JJ Schlöder – 2014 – dare.uva.nl Page 1. Uptake, Clarification and Argumentation MSc Thesis (Afstudeerscriptie) written by Julian J. Schlöder (born June 20, 1989 in Münster, Germany) under the supervision of Dr Raquel Fernández, and submitted to the Board … Cited by 1 Related articles All 4 versions

[BOOK] Conversational Informatics: A Data-Intensive Approach with Emphasis on Nonverbal Communication T Nishida, A Nakazawa, Y Ohmoto, Y Mohammad – 2014 – books.google.com … For sure, this text book will become an inspiring resource for students, teachers, and researchers that wish to go beyond traditional dialog systems and investigate the power and potential of social signals in human–computer interaction. Prof. … Cited by 5 Related articles All 3 versions

An Infrastructure for Self-Motivated, Continually Planning Agents in Virtual Worlds DH Liu, L Schubert – 2012 – cs.rochester.edu Page 1. AN INFRASTRUCTURE FOR SELF-MOTIVATED, CONTINUALLY PLANNING AGENTS IN VIRTUAL WORLDS by Daphne H. Liu and Lenhart Schubert in the Department of Computer Science Arts, Science Engineering … Related articles All 5 versions

Robust dialog management through a context-centric architecture VC Hung – 2010 – etd.fcla.edu … 189 Table 53: Dialog System knowledge development time ….. 193 … ASR Automatic Speech Recognition BDI Belief-Desire-Intention CBR Case-Based Reasoning CCBR Conversational Case-Based Reasoning CxBR Context-Based Reasoning … Cited by 2 Related articles

Preference-based reasoning in BDI agent systems S Visser, J Thangarajah, J Harland… – Autonomous Agents and …, 2015 – Springer … The Belief-Desire-Intention (BDI) [22] model of agency is a popular agent development paradigm for developing complex applications. … Nguyen and Wobcke [19] use preferences as a means for choosing between multiple applicable plans in the context of a dialogue system. …

Enhancing Affective Communication in Embodied Conversational Agents through Personality-Based Hidden Conversational Goals R Vicari – 2012 – lume.ufrgs.br … AC Affective Computing ACL Agent Communication Language AEQ Agent Evaluation Questionnaire AI Artificial Intelligence BDI Belief, Desire, Intention BRF Belief Revision Function CA Conversation Analysis CG Computer Graphics …

Modelling Affect in Learning Environments-Motivation and Methods S Afzal, P Robinson – Advanced Learning Technologies (ICALT …, 2010 – ieeexplore.ieee.org … of Emotions [27] User’s actions & interaction patterns Pedagogical agent-based educational environment Belief-Desire-Intention (BDI) reasoning … & Positive emotions Acoustic-prosodic cues, discourse markers Physics Intelligent Tutoring Dialogue System–ITSPOKE Comparison … Cited by 8 Related articles All 8 versions

Defeasible reasoning and informal fallacies D Walton – Synthese, 2011 – Springer … c) illicit reversal of burden of proof. Keywords Fallacy theory • Argumentation • Argumentation schemes • Formal dialog systems • Burden of proof • Evidence • Profiles of dialog • Artificial intelligence The purpose of this paper is … Cited by 7 Related articles All 6 versions

Informing Dialogue Strategy through Argumentation-Derived Evidence CD Emele – 2011 – homepages.abdn.ac.uk Page 1. Informing Dialogue Strategy through Argumentation-Derived Evidence Chukwuemeka David Emele M. Sc, Electronic Commerce Technology, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK, 2004 B. Sc (Hons.) Computer Science, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria, 1999 … Related articles All 6 versions

User-centric need-driven affect modeling for spoken conversational agents: design and evaluation L Lutfi, S Binti – 2013 – oa.upm.es … Location ANOVA Analysis of Variance 71 BDI Belief-Desire-Intention 7 ECA Embodied Conversational Agent 2 FACS Facial Action Coding System 54 … 9 SCA Spoken Conversational Agent 1 SLDS Spoken Language Dialog System 5 TTS Text-to-Speech 32 xxv Page 26. xxvi … Cited by 1 Related articles All 3 versions

An embodied conversational agent with autistic behaviour WJ Venter – 2012 – scholar.sun.ac.za … ASC Autism Spectrum Condition BDI Belief-Desire-Intention ECA Embodied Conversational Agent … For this reason computers need to be programmed to reason according to theories of cognition, such as the Belief-Desire-Intention model, which is discussed in Section 2.2.2. … Related articles All 3 versions

[BOOK] Man-machine Dialogue: Design and Challenges F Landragin – 2013 – books.google.com … Computer aspects 2.4. Conclusion Chapter 3: The Development Stages of a Dialogue System 3.1. Comparing a few development progresses 3.2. … Conclusion Chapter 10: Multimodal Dialogue System Assessment 10.1. Dialogue system assessment feasibility 10.2. … Related articles

Steps Towards Creating Socially Competent Game Characters J Brusk – 2014 – gupea.ub.gu.se … ASR Automatic Speech Recognition BDI Belief-Desire-Intention CA Conversational Agent CPU Central Processing Unit DFP Data-Flow-Presentation DM Dialogue Manager ECA Embodied Conversational Agent DS Dialogue System FADT Formal Abstract Design Tool … Cited by 3 Related articles All 3 versions

A review of verbal and non-verbal human–robot interactive communication N Mavridis – Robotics and Autonomous Systems, 2015 – Elsevier In this paper, an overview of human–robot interactive communication is presented, covering verbal as well as non-verbal aspects. Following a historical introd. Cited by 1 Related articles All 3 versions

[BOOK] Agent-based ubiquitous computing E Mangina, J Carbo – 2010 – books.google.com Page 1. Agent-Based Ubiquitous Computing “ind m Eleni Hangina Javier Carbo José M. Molina Atlantis Ambient and Pervasive Intelligence Series Editor’ Ismail Khalil Page 2. ATLANTIS AMBIENT AND PERVASIVE INTELLIGENCE VOLUME 1 SERIES EDITOR: ISMAIL KHALIL … Cited by 8 Related articles All 4 versions

A New Framework for Intelligent Semantic Web Services Based on GAIVAs A Iglesias – … and Trends: Building New Dimensions of Information …, 2010 – books.google.com … A very common architecture for deliberative agents for the Semantic Web is the belief-desire- intention (BDI) model (Cohen & Levesque, 1987; Cohen & Levesque, 1990; Georgeff & Ingrand, 1989; Rao & Georgeff, 1990; Ingrandet al., 1992). … Cited by 5 Related articles All 2 versions

Mission Execution Crew Assistant (MECA) lite-Knowledge modelling to support the crew/machine interaction D Esser – 2014 – dspace.library.uu.nl … 17 4.1.4 Possible Dialogue systems ….. 18 … The implication of object-role modelling (section 4.1.3) is being described, added by the different approaches of possible dialogue systems (section 4.1.4). Page 15. Page 15 … Related articles

Capturing Expertise: Developing Interaction Content for a Robot Through Teleoperation by Domain Experts K Wada, DF Glas, M Shiomi, T Kanda… – International Journal of …, 2015 – Springer … dialog studies did not reveal a way to convert knowl- edge from domain experts (who are not experts in dialog systems) into data … systems based on a belief–desire–intention framework [18], or for training knowledge-based systems to mimic an expert’s decision processes [19]. …

BDI-based generation of robust task-oriented dialogues NL Vergunst – SIKS dissertation series, 2011 – dspace.library.uu.nl … We have chosen to develop an agent-based dialogue system that can function as a task assistant, because it allows us to build a … To be able to work more easily with the concepts mentioned above, we model our agents according to the Belief-Desire-Intention (BDI) paradigm [41 … Cited by 4 Related articles

Experience-driven procedural content generation GN Yannakakis, J Togelius – Affective Computing, IEEE …, 2011 – ieeexplore.ieee.org … Model-based approaches are typically inspired by a general theoretical framework of behavioral analysis and/or cognitive modeling (eg, usability theory [53], belief-desire-intention model, the cognitive theory by Ortony, Clore, & Collins [54], Skinner’s model [55], Scherer’s theory … Cited by 153 Related articles All 8 versions

[BOOK] Abductive reasoning D Walton – 2014 – books.google.com … Argumentation Yielded by the Abductive Theory 197 6 Query—Driven Abductive Reasoning 206 Argument Extrapolation by Chaining Forward 206 Colligation in Chaining Backward 209 The Form of Abductive Inference Revisited 214 Belief-Desire—Intention and Commitment … Cited by 145 Related articles All 4 versions

Argumentation-based Dialogues over Cooperative Plans ARM Gasque – 2013 – repository.liv.ac.uk Page 1. Argumentation-based Dialogues over Cooperative Plans Thesis submitted in accordance with the requirements of the University of Liverpool for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy by Angel Rolando Medellin Gasque August 2013 Page 2. Page 3. … Related articles All 2 versions

Episodic Memory Model for Embodied Conversational Agents M Elvir – 2010 – etd.fcla.edu … 11 1.4. Dialog Systems and Embodied Conversational Agents ….. 13 … Page 24. 12 techniques, and 3) slow development of reasoning from natural language in dialog systems. From Wlodzislaw et al. … Related articles

Argumentation and Artificial Intelligence FH van Eemeren, B Garssen, ECW Krabbe… – … of Argumentation Theory, 2014 – Springer Page 1. Argumentation and Artificial Intelligence 11 Contents 11.1 Research on Argumentation in Artificial Intelligence . . . . . 616 11.2 Non-monotonic Logic . . . . . … Cited by 1 Related articles

Design an Empathic and Humorous Virtual Human with Emotional Interaction Mechanism to Help Students H Chuang – 2010 – thesis.lib.ncu.edu.tw … Jaques ? Viccari (2007) ???? Georgef, et al. (1998) ??? BDI model (belief-desire-intention) ? Ortony , et al. (1990)??? OCC model ?????????? ????????????? ???????????(????????????? Page 19. 8 … Related articles

[BOOK] Methods of argumentation D Walton – 2013 – books.google.com … of Fallacy 213 2. Argumentation Schemes and Fallacies 220 3. Defeasible Reasoning 223 4. Default Logics 226 5. Dialogue Systems and Fallacies … The belief-desire-intention (BDI) model is based on the concept of an agent that carries out practical reasoning based on goals … Cited by 7 Related articles All 4 versions

Believable virtual characters in human-computer dialogs Y Jung, A Kuijper, D Fellner, M Kipp, J Miksatko… – …, 2011 – michaelkipp.de … 3.1.1. Albeit the architectural design of dialog systems as well as accompanying topics like natural language processing, dis … BDI (Belief- Desire-Intention) is a cognitively motivated architecture where beliefs represent information about the world, desires are options available to … Cited by 1 Related articles All 6 versions

Task model reasoning PD Michalak – 2011 – urresearch.rochester.edu … 2006. Challenges in evaluating spoken dialog systems that reason and learn. Interspeech-06 Satel- … Examples include rule-based and expert systems, semantic networks, frame-based systems, belief-desire-intention (BDI) agents, planning, and plan recognition systems. … Related articles All 4 versions

[BOOK] Social Interaction, Globalization and Computer-Aided Analysis: A Practical Guide to Developing Social Simulation A Osherenko – 2014 – books.google.com … 194 Appendix DA Sequential Dialog System Template … PMCC RMA SAL SI SN SS SVM WS UML Agent Management System Asperger Syndrom Autism Spectrum Conditions Autism Spectrum Disorder Attribute-Relation File Format Belief-Desire-Intention Borderline Personality … Related articles All 3 versions

Coactive Design: Designing Support for Interdependence in Human-Robot Teamwork MJ Johnson – 2014 – repository.tudelft.nl Page 1. Page 2. Coactive Design Designing Support for Interdependence in Human-Robot Teamwork Page 3. Page 4. Coactive Design Designing Support for Interdependence in Human-Robot Teamwork PROEFSCHRIFT ter … Related articles All 3 versions

Opinion Mining And Lexical Affect Sensing A OSHERENKO – opus.bibliothek.uni-augsburg.de … AI Artificial Intelligence BDI Belief-Desire-Intention BEH Backward Elimination Heuristic BMRC Berardinelli Movie Review corpus BMRC-S Sentences from the Berardinelli Movie Review corpus BNC British National Corpus CwPR Corpus with Product Reviews EP Extraction … Related articles All 2 versions

Opinion Mining And Lexical Affect Sensing DESG ZUR ERLANGUNG, A OSHERENKO – opus.bibliothek.uni-augsburg.de … AI Artificial Intelligence BDI Belief-Desire-Intention BEH Backward Elimination Heuristic BMRC Berardinelli Movie Review corpus BMRC-S Sentences from the Berardinelli Movie Review corpus BNC British National Corpus CwPR Corpus with Product Reviews EP Extraction …

Interacting with Philosophy Through Natural Language Conversation W XUAN – 2013 – scholarbank.nus.edu.sg Page 1. INTERACTING WITH PHILOSOPHY THROUGH NATURAL LANGUAGE CONVERSATION WANG XUAN B.Eng.(Hons.), NUS A THESIS SUBMITTED FOR THE DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY NUS GRADUATE SCHOOL FOR INTEGRATIVE … Related articles All 2 versions

Affect inference in learning environments: a functional view of facial affect analysis using naturalistic data S Afzal – 2011 – cl.cam.ac.uk Page 1. Technical Report Number 793 Computer Laboratory UCAM-CL-TR-793 ISSN 1476-2986 Affect inference in learning environments: a functional view of facial affect analysis using naturalistic data Shazia Afzal December 2010 … Related articles All 6 versions

Domain-sensitive topic management in a modular conversational agent framework D Macias Galindo – 2014 – researchbank.rmit.edu.au … Building Modular Knowledge Bases for Conversational Agents. In IJCAI Workshop on Knowledge Representation and Reasoning for Practical Dialogue Systems (KRPDS), pages 16–23, Barcelona, Spain, 2011a (ERA Rank: Unranked) … Related articles All 2 versions