Notes:
Soar is a cognitive architecture that was developed by John Laird, Allen Newell, and Paul Rosenbloom at Carnegie Mellon University in the 1980s. It is a theoretical framework for understanding how intelligent systems work and for building artificial intelligence systems that can exhibit intelligent behavior.
Soar is based on the idea that intelligent systems can be modeled as a combination of a problem-solving agent and a knowledge base. The agent is responsible for generating and executing actions in response to the goals and problems it encounters, while the knowledge base contains the information that the agent uses to make decisions and solve problems.
Soar has been used to build a wide range of artificial intelligence systems, including intelligent tutoring systems, robots, and virtual assistants. It has also been used as a tool for studying human cognition and for developing theories about how the human mind works.
Soar is a cognitive architecture that is designed to enable the development of intelligent systems, including virtual humans. Virtual humans are computer-generated characters that are designed to look and behave like real people. They can be used in a variety of different contexts, such as in video games, films, television shows, and other media.
One way that Soar could be used in virtual humans is to enable the virtual humans to exhibit intelligent behavior and respond to their environment in a way that is similar to how a real human would. This could involve using Soar to model the problem-solving and decision-making processes of the virtual human, as well as to manage the virtual human’s knowledge base and the information it uses to make decisions.
Soar could also be used to enable virtual humans to interact with users in a more natural and engaging way. For example, Soar could be used to enable the virtual human to recognize and respond to the emotions and intentions of a user, or to adapt its behavior based on the user’s interactions and feedback.
Soar is a cognitive architecture that is designed to enable the development of intelligent systems, including virtual humans. It is based on the idea that intelligent systems can be modeled as a combination of a problem-solving agent and a knowledge base. The agent is responsible for generating and executing actions in response to the goals and problems it encounters, while the knowledge base contains the information that the agent uses to make decisions and solve problems.
Soar is implemented as a set of software modules that can be used to build intelligent systems. These modules include:
- A decision-making module that is responsible for generating and executing actions in response to the goals and problems encountered by the system.
- A problem-solving module that is responsible for representing and solving problems using a variety of different techniques, such as search, planning, and reasoning.
- A learning module that is responsible for acquiring new knowledge and adapting to new situations.
- A perception module that is responsible for interpreting and extracting information from the environment.
To implement Soar in a virtual human, these modules would need to be customized and integrated with the virtual human’s body and environment. For example, the perception module would need to be able to recognize and interpret the user’s facial expressions, gestures, and other forms of nonverbal communication, while the decision-making module would need to be able to generate appropriate responses based on this information.
If virtual humans had a Soar cognitive architecture, they would be able to exhibit intelligent behavior and respond to their environment in a way that is similar to how a real human would. This could enable them to perform a wide range of tasks and activities, depending on the specific capabilities and knowledge base of the virtual human.
Resources:
- visual soar .. a development environment written in java to aid in the creation of agents for use in soar
Wikipedia:
See also:
ACT-R & Dialog Systems | Cognitive Modeling & Dialog Systems
Cognitive architectures and autonomy: A comparative review
K Thórisson, H Helgasson – Journal of Artificial General Intelligence, 2012 – degruyter.com
… Soar is one of the most mature cognitive architectures currently in development, and has been used by many researchers worldwide … The Soar architecture provides one of the largest collections of simultaneously running cognitive processes of any cognitive architecture so far …
Fusing Symbolic and Decision-Theoretic Problem Solving+ Perception in a Graphical Cognitive Architecture.
J Chen, A Demski, T Han, LP Morency, DV Pynadath… – BICA, 2011 – hantw.com
… References [1] JE Laird. Extending the Soar cognitive architecture … Mental imagery in a graphical cognitive architecture. In Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Biologically Inspired Cognitive Architectures, Arlington, Virginia, November 2011. In press.
Learning Grounded Language through Situated Interactive Instruction.
S Mohan, A Mininger, J Kirk, JE Laird – AAAI Fall Symposium: Robots …, 2012 – aaai.org
… the word this. Basics of Soar Cognitive Architecture Figure 1 shows the structural view of the Soar cognitive architecture including its primitive memories, learning mechanisms, and decision processes. Soar Visual-Spatial System …
Towards Situated, Interactive, Instructable Agents in a Cognitive Architecture.
S Mohan, JE Laird – AAAI Fall Symposium: Advances in Cognitive Systems, 2011 – aaai.org
… Soar Cognitive Architecture … Decision Process Decision-making in Soar is goal-directed. Deliberate goals in Soar take the form of operators in working memory, a distinction from other cognitive architectures where goals are often represented in declarative memory …
A multi-modal intelligent user interface for supervisory control of unmanned platforms
G Taylor, R Frederiksen, J Crossman… – … and Systems (CTS) …, 2012 – ieeexplore.ieee.org
… This is some- what similar to the “agent-based” approaches of some conver- sational dialogue systems [16, 17]. However, rather than multi- ple agents providing services as seen in other systems, the Soar Cognitive Architecture provides the main unifying framework for SID’s …
A computational account of comparative implicatures for a spoken dialogue agent
L Benotti, D Traum – Proceedings of the Eighth International Conference …, 2009 – dl.acm.org
… As dialogue system builders, the is- sue that interests us is, not so much how to determine the truth value of a particular … The dialogue manager is em- bedded within the Soar cognitive architecture [10], and decisions about in- terpreting and producing speech compete with other …
Using cognitive models to understand multimodal processes: The case for speech and gesture production
S Kopp, K Bergmann – The Handbook of Multimodal-Multisensor …, 2017 – dl.acm.org
… 2012. The SOAR Cognitive Architecture. MIT Press, Cambridge, MA … 1987. SOAR: An architecture for general intelligence … 2006. LTMc—An improved long-term memory for cognitive architectures. In Proceedings of the 7th International Conference on Cognitive Modeling, pp …
Multi-modal interaction for UAS control
G Taylor, B Purman, P Schermerhorn… – Unmanned Systems …, 2015 – spiedigitallibrary.org
… The decision making components in SID are built using the Soar Cognitive Architecture, an open source framework … Soar also has a number of learning mechanisms built in, though we are not … did not have integrated sketch, nor did it have a multi-modal dialogue system included …
An intelligent user interface for enhancing computer generated forces
B Stensrud, G Taylor, J Montefusco, B Schricker… – 2008 – dtic.mil
… Tasker components, is implemented within a single agent using the Soar cognitive architecture [5]. The … The Controller’s Assistant IUI is implemented as a single Soar agent, where the … Dowding, J. Gawron, JM, Bratt, WE, Moore, R. The CommandTalk Spoken Dialogue System …
A cognitive-affective architecture for ECAs
J Pérez, E Cerezo, FJ Serón, LF Rodríguez – … Cognitive Architectures, 2016 – Elsevier
… This cognitive-affective architecture is based on Soar (one of the most complete and developed cognitive architectures) and is extended … of emotions defined by ALMA is relatively simple, yet powerful enough and easily integrable in a cognitive architecture like Soar to use it …
Episodic-like memory for cognitive robots
D Stachowicz, GJM Kruijff – IEEE Transactions on Autonomous …, 2012 – ieeexplore.ieee.org
… A few other memory systems developed for agents in simu- lated worlds or nonrobotic cognitive architectures are outlined below … Memory in SOAR: Nuxoll and Laird [20] intro- duce SOAR-EM, an episodic memory extension to the SOAR cognitive architecture, which focuses on …
A review of 40 years of cognitive architecture research: focus on perception, attention, learning and applications
I Kotseruba, OJA Gonzalez, JK Tsotsos – arXiv preprint arXiv:1610.08602, 2016 – arxiv.org
… no need to justify inclusion of the established cognitive architectures such as Soar, ACT-R … an example, AKIRA, a framework that explicitly does not self-identify as a cognitive architecture [26], is … Laird in [30] discussed how cognitive architectures differ from other software systems …
Natural interaction for unmanned systems
G Taylor, B Purman, P Schermerhorn… – Unmanned Systems …, 2015 – spiedigitallibrary.org
… Spoken dialogue systems have long been part of phone-based menu systems, and have more recently been embedded in cars (Ford?s SYNC … WITAS is based on a multi-agent paradigm, whereas SID takes a knowledge-based approach using the Soar cognitive architecture [17 …
A smart interaction device for multi-modal human-robot dialogue
G Taylor, R Frederiksen, J Crossman, J Voigt… – Ron Artstein, Mark Core …, 2011 – Citeseer
… SID Core is implemented using the Soar cognitive architecture (Laird, Newell, & Rosenbloom, 1991), which gives us a robust platform for knowledge-based … Soar: An Architecture for General Intelligence … The WITAS multi-modal dialogue system 1. Paper presented at the Proc …
Toward a situation model in a cognitive architecture
SM Rodgers, CW Myers, J Ball, MD Freiman – Computational and …, 2013 – Springer
… as. Toward a situation model in a cognitive architecture … members. This paper introduces an approach to dynamically represent situation information within the ACT-R cognitive architecture in the context of a synthetic teammate project …
Formative evaluation of an IUI for supervisory control of CGFs
G Taylor, B Stensrud, J Maddox, HE Aycock – 2011 – dtic.mil
… These three components are implemented in the Soar Cognitive Architecture (Wray and Jones 2005), which enables the fast application of … AMS IDEEAS Helo- Soar SimJr Total # of user commands given 11 11 11 11 Task steps … The CommandTalk Spoken Dialogue System …
A broad vision for intelligent behavior: Perpetual real-world cognitive agents
D Perlis, MT Cox, M Maynord – 2013 Annual Conference on …, 2013 – drum.lib.umd.edu
… Because we want our agents to engage with humans, we describe our experience with a dialog system based on active logic called ALFRED … Laird, JE (2012). The Soar Cognitive architecture. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press. Laird, JE, Nuxoll, A., & Derbinsky, N.(2012) …
Pogamut 3 can assist developers in building AI (not only) for their videogame agents
J Gemrot, R Kadlec, M Bída, O Burkert, R Píbil… – Agents for games and …, 2009 – Springer
… to do this is to adopt a general cognitive architecture, such as Soar [33, 44 … Pogamut 3 newly offers a binding to ACT-R cognitive architecture, so called PojACT-R [50 … FS-08-04, Papers from the AAAI Fall Symposium Biologically Inspired Cognitive Architectures, Westin Arlington …
A cognitive architecture for simulating bodies and minds
S Nirenburg, M McShane, S Beale… – AMIA Annual …, 2011 – ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
… Results. We have developed a cognitive architecture that stands out from well-known cognitive architectures – eg, ACT-R 2 , SOAR 14 , PRODIGY 4 (see the comparison table of 24 extant cognitive architectures at http://members.cox.net/bica2009/cogarch …
Improvement in service robot’s interaction through case based reasoning
C Roncancio, JL Rodríguez… – Neural Networks (IJCNN) …, 2010 – ieeexplore.ieee.org
… Moreover like in Soar, the bellboy robot’s knowledge could be represented in the architecture as a … As we see in figure 3 the cognitive architecture consiste of: • Reactive level … Most cognitive architectures focus on semantic memory, partly because this is a natural approach to …
The synthetic teammate project
J Ball, C Myers, A Heiberg, NJ Cooke… – Computational and …, 2010 – Springer
… If the cognitive architecture has (simulated) perceptual/motor capabilities, models developed in the cognitive architecture can interact with (simu- lated) task environments. Cognitive architectures may also support measurement of the time it takes to complete a cognitive …
Long-term human-robot interaction with young users
P Baxter, T Belpaeme, L Canamero… – IEEE/ACM Human …, 2011 – researchgate.net
… separable and passive storage element that is essentially dissociable from the cognitive architecture. For example, in the SOAR architecture, episodic memory is implemented as a … In contrast to existing approaches to memory implementations in cognitive architectures, the ALIZ …
Emotion and Attitude Modeling for Non-player Characters
B Ravenet, F Pecune, M Chollet, C Pelachaud – Emotion in Games, 2016 – Springer
… In: van Kuppevelt J, Dybkjær L, Bernsen NO (eds) Advances in natural multimodal dialogue systems. Springer, Dordrecht, pp 23–54CrossRefGoogle Scholar. 11 … Laird J (2012) The soar cognitive architecture. MIT, Cambridge/LondonGoogle Scholar. 43 …
A distributed dialog architecture with learning
GR Jónsdóttir – 2011 – skemman.is
… Concepts from reinforcement learning are intro- duced and earlier attempts at using learning in dialogue systems described. 2.1 Architectures … Cognitive architectures such as ACT-R (Anderson, 1983) and Soar (Laird & Rosenbloom, 1996) are the most common …
Integrating meta-level and domain-level knowledge for interpretation and generation of task-oriented dialogue
A Gabaldon, B Meadows – Proceedings of the Second Annual Conference …, 2013 – Citeseer
… as our role model ICARUS (Langley, Choi, & Rogers, 2009), a cognitive architecture designed for … both ideas in the context of a high-level dialogue system that operates … Two well-known cognitive architectures – Soar (Laird, Newell, & Rosenbloom, 1987) and Prodigy (Carbonell …
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L Benotti – on Spoken Dialogue Systems’ 09, 2009 – inesc-id.pt
… The dialogue manager is embedded within the Soar cognitive architecture (Laird et al., 1987), and decisions about interpreting and producing … Soar 1http://ict … I think that a great challenge for this generation of young researchers is to start building dialogue systems that remember …
Behavior Oriented Design: Methodology for Devel-oping Adaptive Intelligent Agents
J Bryson, LA Stein – pdfs.semanticscholar.org
… We are currently applying this methodology to a number of problems including natural language dialogue systems, characterizing and replicating the behavior of fish, modelling primate learning, and constructing medical … The evolution of the Soar cognitive architecture …
SAMBA: A self-aware health monitoring architecture for distributed industrial systems
LC Siafara, HA Kholerdi, A Bratukhin… – … Society, IECON 2017 …, 2017 – ieeexplore.ieee.org
… The Soar cognitive architecture. MIT Press, 2012 … Goal-based commu- nication using bdi agents as virtual humans in training: An ontology driven dialogue system … Interdisciplinary development and evaluation of cognitive architectures exemplified with the sima approach …
Performance gains from speech-enhanced simulation in military flying training
B Bell, S Billington, W Bennett Jr… – The Journal of …, 2010 – journals.sagepub.com
… characterize their performance than the rule-based paradigm employed in other cognitive architectures … control.37 A similar approach using the ACT-R cognitive architecture demonstrated speech … source architectures emerging from university research such as SOAR and ACT …
Meta-Level and Domain-Level Processing in Task-Oriented Dialogue
A Gabaldon, P Langley, B Meadows – 2013 AAAI Fall Symposium Series, 2013 – aaai.org
… Again, this is a well-established idea that has been explored in the context of both cognitive architectures and robotic architectures … Soar: An architecture for general intelligence … Acquisition of hierarchical reactive skills in a unified cognitive architecture …
A Cognitive Architecture for Simulating Bodies and Minds
M McShane, S Nirenburg, S Beale, R Catizone – researchgate.net
… As a testbed for the development of our extended cognitive architecture (“extended” because cognitive architectures typically do not … 2004), SOAR (eg, Rosenbloom et al … While positioning our approach on the map of cognitive architectures is beyond the scope of this paper, in …
Integrating meta-level and domain-level knowledge for task-oriented dialogue
A Gabaldon, P Langley, B Meadows – Advances in Cognitive Systems, 2014 – Citeseer
… as our role model ICARUS (Langley, Choi, & Rogers, 2009), a cognitive architecture designed for … both ideas in the context of a high-level dialogue system that operates … Two well-known cognitive architectures – Soar (Laird, Newell, & Rosenbloom, 1987) and Prodigy (Carbonell …
JAM: Java-based Associative Memory
R Pröpper, F Putze, T Schultz – … its Integration in Spoken Dialogue Systems …, 2011 – Springer
… SOAR includes models of short and long term memory and simulates human behavior which follows theories … LTMC was developed as an enhanced long-term mem- ory for the cognitive architecture ACT-R. The … LTMc An Improved Long-Term Memory for Cognitive Architectures …
The Role of Knowledge and Certainty in Understanding for Dialogue.
SL Epstein, RJ Passonneau, JB Gordon… – AAAI Fall Symposium …, 2011 – aaai.org
… SDS architecture that has supported the development of more than a dozen spoken dialogue systems (Bohus and … Other cognitive architectures have also begun to address dialogue … Current work in SOAR uses written subdialogues to teach an ap- prentice goal-oriented plans …
Affective computing with primary and secondary emotions in a virtual human
C Becker-Asano, I Wachsmuth – Autonomous Agents and Multi-Agent …, 2010 – Springer
… In [25], however, Damasio’s work is less central and they follow the ideas of Scherer [41]. Their central idea of “appraisal frames” is based on the EMA model [26] and eleven of Scherer’s sixteen appraisal dimensions are modeled for integration in the Soar cognitive architecture …
Robotic social feedback for object specification
E Wu, Y Han, D Whitney, J Oberlin… – … : Artificial Intelligence for …, 2015 – aaai.org
… RO-MAN 2008. The 17th IEEE International Symposium on, 592–597. Laird, J. 2012. The Soar cognitive architecture. MIT Press. MacGlashan, J. Brown UMBC Reinforcement Learning and Planning Library. http://burlap.cs.brown.edu …
A fusion framework for multimodal interactive applications
H Mendonça, JYL Lawson, O Vybornova… – Proceedings of the …, 2009 – dl.acm.org
… We use SOAR [18] cognitive architecture in order to create and apply rules to query semantically the … class, property and individual in Protégé corresponds to identifier, attribute and constant in SOAR, respectively … SmartKom: Foundations of Multimodal Dialogue Systems …
Cognitively motivated episodic memory for a virtual guide
F Rabe, I Wachsmuth – ICAART 2012-Proceedings of the 4th …, 2012 – pub.uni-bielefeld.de
… Nuxoll and Laird extended a cognitive architec- ture (Soar) with episodic memory … Extending cognitive architecture with episodic memory … In Proceedings of the 2010 Work- shop on Companionable Dialogue Systems, pages 1– 6, Uppsala, Sweden. ACL …
Human-Computer Interaction
K Meena, R Sivakumar – 2014 – books.google.com
… 62 3.5.2 Behavioural Description 63 3.5.3 Types of Impasse in SOAR 64 3.6 … Recent research activities demand attention in the areas of Usability Engineering, Spoken Dialogue System, Recommender System, Cognitive Architectures, Visualised Knowledge …
An Architecture for Multimodal Semantic Fusion
O Vybornova, H Mendonça, D Neiberg… – … on Speech and …, 2009 – researchgate.net
… We use Soar [24] cognitive architecture in order to create and apply rules to query … Introduction to Soar: 2006 update, http://ai.eecs.umich.edu/soar/sitemaker/docs … Towards Resolving Referring Expressions by Implicitly Activated Referents in Practical Dialogue Systems” In: Proc …
Using Cognitive Models
S Kopp, K Bergmann – The Handbook of Multimodal-Multisensor …, 2017 – books.google.com
… specific computational terms that afford simulation-based examination and evaluation, often based on an existing cognitive architecture … Such memory models are at the heart of universal cognitive architectures that enable cognitive modeling in concrete … 2004], SOAR [Laird et al …
Multimodal High Level Data Integration
O Vybornova, H Mendonça, D Neiberg… – eNTERFACE’08 – enterface08.limsi.fr
… We use Soar [24] cognitive architecture in order to create and apply rules to query semantically the modality triples in the ontology. The ontology is re-implemented for adapting the specific working memory structure in Soar environment …
Development of computational models of emotions for autonomous agents: a review
LF Rodríguez, F Ramos – Cognitive Computation, 2014 – Springer
… Methodology for Analysis and Modeling of Individual Differences (MAMID) [47] associates two main concepts: a methodology for modeling the influences of emotions and individual differences on cognitive processing, and an affective–cognitive architecture that implements this …
Fusion paradigms in cognitive technical systems for human–computer interaction
M Glodek, F Honold, T Geier, G Krell, F Nothdurft… – Neurocomputing, 2015 – Elsevier
… Hence, we aim at providing a clear and comprehensive overview by first discussing cognitive architecture designs and then later on an overview of state-of-the-art components. One of the best-known cognitive architectures is SOAR which systematically decomposes functional …
Toward Simulated Students for Reinforcement Learning-Driven Tutorial Planning in GIFT
J Rowe, B Pokorny, B Goldberg, B Mott… – Proceedings of R …, 2017 – gifttutoring.org
… In his seminal work on the Soar cognitive architecture, Allen Newell (1990) described four bands of cognition—biological, cognitive, rational, and … Notably, simulated users serve a key role in RL-driven spoken dialogue systems, and they are particularly important in dialogue …
Cognitive approaches to spoken language technology
RK Moore – Speech Technology, 2010 – Springer
… learning approaches to building statistical models for automatic speech recognition (ASR), unit selection inventories for text-to-speech synthesis (TTS) or interaction strategies for spoken language dialogue systems (SLDS) has … Cognitive architectures such as Soar, ACT-R …
AI and cognitive science: The past and next 30 years
KD Forbus – Topics in Cognitive Science, 2010 – Wiley Online Library
… Spoken dialogue systems are becoming ubiquitous for customer service and search on cell phones … Only five papers (2%) involved cognitive architectures in 2008: Three used SOAR, one used ACT-R, and one used ICARUS …
Bayesian Affect Control Theory of Self.
J Hoey, T Schröder – AAAI, 2015 – aaai.org
… POMDPs have been used as models for many human-interactive domains, including intelligent tutoring systems (Folsom-Kovarik, Sukthankar, and Schatz 2013), spoken dialogue systems (Williams and Young 2006), and assistive technologies (Hoey et al. 2012) …
Remembering a Conversation–A Conversational Memory Architecture for Embodied Conversational Agents
M Elvir, AJ Gonzalez, C Walls, B Wilder – Journal of Intelligent …, 2017 – degruyter.com
Jump to ContentJump to Main Navigation …
Interacting with emotion and memory enabled virtual characters and social robots
Z Kasap, N Magnenat-Thalmann – Modeling Machine Emotions for …, 2010 – Springer
… SOAR and ACT-R are the two general purpose cognitive architectures that have declarative and … While SOAR-EM uses feature match algorithm for computing the similarity between the … ISAC’s cognitive architecture is de- signed to be able to learn appropriate behaviour through …
Special Issue in Computational Biological Data science
A JayanthilaDevi – ijpbs.net
Page 1. Special Issue in Computational Biological Data science Computational Bio Science is at the cusp of big innovations in order to guarantee highly affordable, advanced and smarter healthcare facilities for people across the globe …
Social Feedback For Robotic Collaboration
E Wu, N Gopalan, J MacGlashan, S Tellex, LLS Wong – 2016 – h2r.cs.brown.edu
… This work attempts to accomplish the same, but makes more specialized assumptions that allow for a more tractable state space. Alternative approaches to POMDPs include cogni- tive architecutres such as SOAR [Laird, 2012] or DI- ARC [Schermerhorn et al., 2006] …
40 Years of Cognitive Architectures Core Cognitive Abilities and Practical Applications
I Kotseruba, JK Tsotsos – arXiv preprint arXiv:1610.08602, 2016 – pdfs.semanticscholar.org
… point to keep in mind while reading this survey is that cognitive architectures should be … hand, some agents may implement extra features that are not available in the cognitive architecture … perceptual system of Rosie [240], one of the agents implemented in Soar, whereas Soar …
A Unified Theory of Learning, Doing and Teaching Hierarchical Tasks: The Learn-Do-Teach Challenge for Collaborative Agents
C Rich, CL Sidner – pdfs.semanticscholar.org
… began working with the main architect of STEVE, Jeff Rickel, with the goal of “Building a Bridge between Intelligent Tutoring and Collaborative Dialogue Systems” [51] … We also need to say something here about generic cognitive architectures, such as Soar [29], ACT-R [3 …
Affect Aware Ambient Intelligence: Current and Future Directions
C KARYOTIS, F DOCTOR, R IQBAL… – State of the Art in AI …, 2017 – books.google.com
… Soar-Emote [59][60] makes use of appraisal theories [89] and the PEACTIDM theory of cognition, utilizing the Soar cognitive architecture [69]. This model accounts for the interaction between emotion and learning reinforcement …
Modelling socially intelligent virtual humans.
N Magnenat-Thalmann, Z Kasap – VRCAI, 2009 – pdfs.semanticscholar.org
… While SOAR-EM uses a feature match algorithm for computing the similarity between the … ISAC’s cognitive architecture is designed to be able to learn appropriate behaviour through interaction … repairing of dia- logue, feedback and turn-taking, a dialogue system should realize …
An emotion understanding framework for intelligent agents based on episodic and semantic memories
M Kazemifard, N Ghasem-Aghaee, BL Koenig… – Autonomous agents and …, 2014 – Springer
… We built our implementation atop Soar, a general cognitive architecture for both modeling cognitive systems and implementing systems that exhibit intelligent behavior. Episodic memory in Soar encodes and stores the entire …
Artificial cognition for social human–robot interaction: An implementation
S Lemaignan, M Warnier, EA Sisbot, A Clodic… – Artificial Intelligence, 2017 – Elsevier
… Human–robot interaction. Cognitive robotics. Perspective taking. Cognitive architecture. Knowledge representation and reasoning … to replicate or provide a plausible model of human cognition, and in this sense, we distinguish ourselves from research on cognitive architectures …
High level data fusion on a multimodal interactive application platform
H Mendonça – Proceedings of the 1st ACM SIGCHI symposium on …, 2009 – dl.acm.org
… analysis (Open CV [7]), human behavior analysis component (implemented) and a cognitive architecture that serves … the ontology (Protégé [11]) and provides the decision-making mechanism (SOAR [12 … Modality Fusion.SmartKom: Foundations of Multimodal Dialogue Systems …
A computational model of personality
S Karimi, MR Kangavari – Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 2012 – Elsevier
… candidate for the UTC, have been developed including ACT-R, SOAR, CLARION, Society … active researches during the recent 20 years and is a psychologically plausible cognitive architecture. It should be noted that comparison of existing cognitive architectures is a difficult and …
Integrating the outer loop: Validated tutors for portable courses and competencies
E Robson, F Ray, AM Sinatra… – Proceedings of the 5th …, 2017 – books.google.com
… In his seminal work on the Soar cognitive architecture, Allen Newell (1990) described four bands of cognition—biological, cognitive, rational, and … Notably, simulated users serve a key role in RL-driven spoken dialogue systems, and they are particularly important in dialogue …
Human-robot interaction: Tackling the AI challenges
S Lemaignan, M Warnier, EA Sisbot, R Alami – 2014 – Citeseer
… In the field of cognitive architectures, the Soar architecture [22] is one of those that tries to reproduce a human-like memory organisation. The GLAIR cognitive architecture [23] also has a concept of long term/short term and episodic/semantic memories …
Toward a model for incremental grounding in dialogue systems
T Visser – 2011 – essay.utwente.nl
Page 1. Toward a Model for Incremental Grounding in Dialogue Systems omas Visser thomas.visser@gmail.com University of Twente, EEMCS, HMI Enschede, e Netherlands Prof. dr. DKJ Heylen Dr. ir. HJA op den Akker Dr. M. eune … 2 On Grounding and Dialogue Systems 12 …
Toward a Model for Incremental Grounding in Dialogue Systems
DKJ Heylen, HJA op den Akker, DR Traum – Citeseer
Page 1. Toward a Model for Incremental Grounding in Dialogue Systems omas Visser thomas.visser@gmail.com University of Twente, EEMCS, HMI Enschede, e Netherlands Prof. dr. DKJ Heylen Dr. ir. HJA op den Akker Dr. M. eune … 2 On Grounding and Dialogue Systems 12 …
Episodic memory model for embodied conversational agents
M Elvir – 2010 – stars.library.ucf.edu
… 11 1.4. Dialog Systems and Embodied Conversational Agents ….. 13 … 20 1.5. Memory in Cognitive Architectures ….. 26 … 29 1.5.3. SOAR Cognitive Architecture ….. 31 …
Embodied Conversational Agent Avatars in Virtual Worlds: Making Today’s Immersive Environments More
JF Morie, E Chance, K Haynes, D Rajpurohit – researchgate.net
… Intelligent Agent: reasons about plans and generates actions. Simple Q&A agents use the NPC Editor, whereas complex agents are created using other cognitive architectures. The agents contain task models, a dialogue manager and a model of emotions …
A computational architecture for modeling emotional behavior in synthetic agent
JW Hu, QJ Yin, L Feng, HJ Deng – Computer Modeling and …, 2010 – ieeexplore.ieee.org
… In Christian Becker’s work [8], he presented a cognitive architecture for emotion simulation that combines … In behavior selection module, Soar selects behavior from the candidates according to rules, current … In Workshop on Affective Dialogue Systems, pages 154–165, 2004 …
Enhancing believability: evaluating the application of Delsarte’s aesthetic system to the design of virtual humans
M Nixon – 2009 – summit.sfu.ca
… The cost of making a console game was between $3m and $6m according to a BBC report (“Cost of making games set to soar,” 2005), and they predicted it to rise to as high as $10m or $20m. Modern production costs have outstripped that estimate, and …
Why and how to build emotion-based agent architectures
C Lisetti, E Hudlicka – The Oxford Handbook of Affective …, 2015 – books.google.com
… Identifying Theoretical Assumptions Computational models of affect and emo- tion necessarily make tacit assumptions about the overall cognitive architecture of the … Other attempts followed, such as the SOAR theory of mind mod- eling long-and short-term memory (Laird et al …
Rule-based approach for simulating age-related usability problems
A Ruß, M Quade, M Kruppa, M Runge – Ambient Assisted Living, 2012 – Springer
… 2 Speech Dialog Systems (SDS … to ACT-R, the UM of the programmable modeling approach described in [4], is based on SOAR production rules … While the simulation of explorative behavior with cognitive architectures aims at highly verifiable models for user strategies, this also …
Interactive Cognitive Systems and Social Intelligence
P Langley – IEEE Intelligent Systems, 2017 – ieeexplore.ieee.org
… The TacAir-Soar System Another effort—even more audacious and impressive—resulted in TacAir- Soar,12 an AI system that reproduced the behavior of human pilots on tacti- cal air combat missions and operated, along with human participants, in a realistic simulated …
Wayne Zachary Jean-Christophe Le Mentec Joan Ryder CHI Systems, Inc. Lower Gwynedd, Pennsylvania 19002 USA
JC Le Mentec – Human Interaction with Complex Systems …, 2012 – books.google.com
… As in Card Moran and Newell’s Model Human Processor (1983) or Newell’s SOAR (1990), these perceptual processes operate … The first, and most complex, was defining a cognitive architecture that captured the principles of operation which had … User models in dialog systems …
Designing engaging intelligent tutoring systems in an age of cognitive computing
SC Sundararajan, SV Nitta – IBM Journal of Research and …, 2015 – ieeexplore.ieee.org
… The authors of the companion cognitive system [14] claim that theirs is the first cognitive architecture that includes Vygotskian … cognitive theorists (such as those working on ACT-R, State Operator And Result (SOAR), and Society of … dialogue system for self-explanation,” in Proc …
Multi levels semantic architecture for multimodal interaction
S Dourlens, A Ramdane-Cherif, E Monacelli – Applied intelligence, 2013 – Springer
… To realize multimodal interaction, there exist multiple types of architectures: dedicated HRI architectures like Situated Modules [4], C5 [5] and EICA [6, 7], cognitive architectures like updated ACT-R [8] or SOAR [9], and architectures with rational agents also called BDI agents [10 …
DyBaNeM: Bayesian Model of Episodic Memory
R Kadlec – 2015 – dspace.cuni.cz
… 19 2.3.3 Soar 8 . . . . . 20 2.3.4 Soar 9 . . . . . 21 2.3.5 Ho et al … 1.3. Even though the design and implementation of a complete dialog system (eg, (Nooraei et al., 2014)) is not the focus of this thesis the proposed EM model is …
Affect control processes: Intelligent affective interaction using a partially observable Markov decision process
J Hoey, T Schröder, A Alhothali – Artificial Intelligence, 2016 – Elsevier
Skip to main content …
An integrated system for interactive continuous learning of categorical knowledge
D Sko?aj, A Vre?ko, M Mahni?, M Janí?ek… – … of Experimental & …, 2016 – Taylor & Francis
… 6th International Conference on Human-Robot Interaction (HRI) (p. 433–440). Lausanne, Switzerland. [Google Scholar]; Sun , 2007 Sun, R. (2007). The importance of cognitive architectures: An analysis based on CLARION …
Simulation-Based Usability Evaluation of Spoken and Multimodal Dialogue Systems
S Hillmann – 2017 – Springer
… System Evaluation QoE Quality of experience QoS Quality of service ROC Receiver operating characteristic SDS Spoken dialogue system Nomenclature xv Page 16. SNIF-ACT Scent-based Navigation and Information Foraging in the ACT architecture Soar Historically for “state …
Humans, Computers and Wizards: Human (Simulated) Computer Interaction
N Fraser, N Gilbert, S McGlashan, R Wooffitt – 2013 – books.google.com
… More recently, rather more complex models have been proposed, using variations on linguistic grammar theory (for example, task-action grammar (Payne and Green, 1986)) and production systems and the SOAR cognitive architecture (for example, programmable user models …
An information-driven architecture for cognitive systems research
S Wrede – 2008 – pub.uni-bielefeld.de
… On top of these cues, typically higher-level cognitive functions aggregating information are added, eg, a dialog system based on speech and gesture recog- nition in order to communicate in a natural way with human interaction partners [LWS06, SHS07] …
Applying computational semantics to the real-time communication of skill knowledge
S Fox, P Ehlen, M Purver, E Bratt, M Frampton… – 2008 – academia.edu
… Figure 22. Potential methods/tools used in associating semantic representations. ….52 Figure 23. Generic overview of spoken dialogue systems for music selection…..56 Figure 24. Common phases in computational semantics applications. ….57 Figure 25 …
Materializing the Promises of Cognitive IoT: How Cognitive Buildings are Shaping the Way
J Ploennigs, A Ba, M Barry – IEEE Internet of Things Journal, 2017 – ieeexplore.ieee.org
… C. Cognitive IoT Architectures Different cognitive system architectures exist, including SOAR [16] and LIDA [17]—prominent agent-based frame … A cognitive architecture is sketched in [18] for build- ings that utilises these frameworks … So, the dialog system identifies: ”What was …
Creating automated virtual humans
R Sakpal – 2015 – search.proquest.com
… content. Figure 4: SOAR architecture. Earlier Cognitive Architectures: Various cognitive architectures have been dened. 19 … Earlier work in cognitive architecture includes the SOAR architecture (see Figure 4), which is based on symbolic reasoning and deduction, and is …
Virtual patients for virtual sick call medical training
PG Kenny, TD Parsons, P Garrity – 2010 – dtic.mil
… a spin-off company, Soar Technology, fTom the AI Lab to support and develop cognitive agents in simulation. His research interests are in creating realistic high fidelity virtual humans with personality, dramatic agents and cognitive architectures integrating neuroscience and AI …
An Infrastructure for Self-Motivated, Continually Planning Agents in Virtual Worlds
DH Liu, L Schubert – 2012 – urresearch.rochester.edu
Page 1. AN INFRASTRUCTURE FOR SELF-MOTIVATED, CONTINUALLY PLANNING AGENTS IN VIRTUAL WORLDS by Daphne H. Liu and Lenhart Schubert in the Department of Computer Science Arts, Science Engineering …
Cognitive aspects of embodied conversational agents
CG Smith – 2013 – tees.openrepository.com
… recognition). Steve’s cognitive abilities are provided by the SOAR cognitive architecture (Laird et al, 1987). Multiple Steve agents can be used for team-based training (Rickel and Johnson, 1999). Page 21. 2. ECA as Affective Dialogue Systems Page 20 of 215 …
Modeling the behavior of users who are confronted with security mechanisms
S Möller, N Ben-Asher, KP Engelbrecht, R Englert… – Computers & …, 2011 – Elsevier
… cognitive architecture then describes the elementary actions, the resources and the time necessary for carrying out the task. Examples of cognitive architectures are EPIC (Meyer and Kieras, 1997), ACT-R (Anderson and Lebiere, 1998; Anderson et al., 2004) or SOAR (Newell …
Integrating answer set programming and POMDPs for knowledge representation and reasoning in robotics
S Zhang – 2013 – ttu-ir.tdl.org
… [2]. Unlike Soar, a functionality oriented cognitive architecture, ACT-R aims at Psychological plausibility. The language primitives are designed to reflect the theoretical assumptions about human … Similar cognitive architectures are CLARION [91] and EPIC [46] …
An embodied conversational agent with autistic behaviour
WJ Venter – 2012 – scholar.sun.ac.za
Page 1. An Embodied Conversational Agent with Autistic Behaviour by Wessel Johannes Venter Thesis presented in partial ful lment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Computer Science at Stellenbosch University …
Natural language interactions in distributed networks of smart devices
P Schermerhorn, M Scheutz – International Journal of Semantic …, 2008 – World Scientific
… Our ADE framework for embodied real-time sys- tems has been specifically developed as a MAS system infrastructure that allows for “MAS-agents” to be designed with “SAS-architectures” (eg, the cognitive archi- tecture SOAR [21]), where the components of these “SAS …
Coherence-based computational agency
S Joseph – 2011 – old-web-1.iiia.csic.es
… We argue that current cognitive architectures such as those based on BDI theory fall short in performing autonomous reasoning in agents … 22 2.2.1 The Soar Architecture … 94 8 Multiagent Norm Deliberation 95 8.1 Dialogue System …
End-user programming of a social robot by dialog
JF Gorostiza, MA Salichs – Robotics and Autonomous Systems, 2011 – Elsevier
… A virtual SOAR agent is able to learn multiple kinds of knowledge through a combination of analytical and inductive techniques … 14] the proposed system is based on Commonsense Reasoning (in particular, ASP) for Human–Robot Collaboration, mixing a Dialog System with …
DAC-h3: A Proactive Robot Cognitive Architecture to Acquire and Express Knowledge About the World and the Self
C Moulin-Frier, T Fischer, M Petit… – … on Cognitive and …, 2017 – ieeexplore.ieee.org
… the SGP, reflects a divergence from the more general field of cognitive architectures (or unified … from symbolic artificial intelligence (from the General Problem Solver [25] to Soar [26] or … The cognitive architecture of iTalk [70] focuses on modeling the emergence of language by …
ARENA Simulation Model of a Conversational Character’s Speech System
Y ALVARADO, C GATICA, VGIL COSTA… – sedici.unlp.edu.ar
… Page 128. COMPUTER SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY SERIES 127 This paper involved the evaluation of the spoken dialogue system of a conversational character with a discrete event simulator ARENA … Integrating Cognitive Architectures into Virtual Character Design …
Strategy selection: An introduction to the modeling challenge
JN Marewski, D Link – Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews …, 2014 – Wiley Online Library
… Models of multiple aspects of cognition. Unified models. Model strategy selection as dependent on the interplay between memory, learning processes, the environment, and other aspects of cognition; typically highly formal models grounded in detailed cognitive architectures …
User-centric need-driven affect modeling for spoken conversational agents: design and evaluation
SBL Lutfi, S Binti – 2013 – oa.upm.es
… The findings have gone some way towards enhancing our understanding of the utility of emotion in spoken dialog systems in several ways; first, an SCA should not express its emotions blindly, albeit positive … 1 SLDS Spoken Language Dialog System 5 TTS Text-to-Speech 32 …
Integrating usability models into pervasive application development
P Holleis – 2009 – edoc.ub.uni-muenchen.de
Page 1. Integrating Usability Models into Pervasive Application Development Paul Holleis München 2008 Page 2. Page 3. Integrating Usability Models into Pervasive Application Development Paul Holleis Dissertation an der Fakultät für Mathematik, Informatik und Statistik …
An embodied cognition approach to mindreading skills for socially intelligent robots
C Breazeal, J Gray, M Berlin – The International Journal of …, 2009 – journals.sagepub.com
… the ro- bot’s information about the human in terms of the robot’s own physical embodiment and socio-cognitive architecture, both from … Murray 1994), adaptive control of thought–rational (ACT-R) models (Emond and Ferres 2001), state, operator and result (SOAR) models (Laird …
User-centric need-driven affect modeling for spoken conversational agents: design and evaluation
SB Lebai Lutfi – 2013 – oa.upm.es
… The findings have gone some way towards enhancing our understanding of the utility of emotion in spoken dialog systems in several ways; first, an SCA should not express its emotions blindly, albeit positive … 1 SLDS Spoken Language Dialog System 5 TTS Text-to-Speech 32 …
From Alan Turing to modern AI: practical solutions and an implicit epistemic stance
GF Luger, C Chakrabarti – AI & SOCIETY, 2017 – Springer
… Thus the production system was proposed as a cognitive architecture that took the current focus of the agent and used that to “fire” specific components of knowledge (rules … 5, monitor whether the human agent’s implied goal is met by the computational dialogue system …
What we can learn from Dialogue Systems that don’t work: On Dialogue Systems as Cognitive Models
D Schlangen – Proceedings of DiaHolmia, the 13th International …, 2009 – pub.uni-bielefeld.de
… like SOAR (Laird et al., 1987), components for example for ASR (eg, Sphinx4, (Walker et al., 2004)) and dialogue … I have sketched a methodology for doing so, proposing that the main use of dialogue systems for now lies in … The place of cognitive architecture in a rational analysis …
Are Robots Autistic?
N Khetrapal – Creating Synthetic Emotions through Technological …, 2012 – books.google.com
Page 174. 160 Chapter 9 Are Robots Autistic? Neha Khetrapal Indian Institute of Information Technology, India ABSTRACT This paper discusses the implications of the embodied approach for understanding emotional processing …
Using Gross’ Emotion Regulation Theory to Advance Affective Computing
L Oostveen – 2017 – dspace.library.uu.nl
Page 1. MASTER ARTIFICAL INTELLIGENCE, UTRECHT UNIVERSITY MASTER THESIS Using Gross’ Emotion Regulation Theory to Advance Affective Computing Author: Lucy VAN OOSTVEEN First Supervisor: prof. dr. John-Jules MEYER Second Examiner: dr …
Jonathan Gratch
M Rendell – Psychology, 2012 – people.ict.usc.edu
… Computational Entities (2004) IUI workshop on Affective Interactions (2005) Workshop on Human-like Intelligent Interfaces (2004) Workshop on Affective Dialogue Systems (2004) AAAI … Soar Workshop, Michigan, 2003 … Cognitive Architecture Workshop, Stanford, CA, 2003 …
A cognitive neural architecture able to learn and communicate through natural language
B Golosio, A Cangelosi, O Gamotina, GL Masala – PloS one, 2015 – journals.plos.org
… According to the computational theory of mind, the brain is an information processing system, and thought can be described as a computation that operates on mental states [1,2]. This perspective has led to the implementation of a class of cognitive architectures called symbolic …
Is this model for real? Simulating data to reveal the proximity of a model to reality
RB Rosenberg-Kima… – Proceedings of the …, 2015 – pdfs.semanticscholar.org
Page 81. Is this model for real? Simulating data to reveal the proximity of a model to reality Rinat B. Rosenberg-Kima1, Zachary A. Pardos2 1 Tel-Aviv University rinat. rosenberg. kima@ gmail. com 2 University of California, Berkeley pardos@ berkeley. edu Abstract …
Combining self-motivation with planning and inference in a self-motivated cognitive agent framework
DH Liu – 2013 – search.proquest.com
Combining Self-Motivation with Planning and Inference in a Self-Motivated Cognitive Agent Framework. Abstract. Most work on self-motivated agents in Artificial Intelligence has focused on acquiring utility-optimizing mappings from states to actions …
A hotkey interaction technique that promotes hotkeys
J Ni – 2017 – aaltodoc.aalto.fi
… Finally, literature on the Adaptive Control of Thought-Rational (ACT-R) theory provides computational models developed within cognitive architectures to predict single and multiple hotkey(s) retrieval latencies for users with different working memory capacities [25, 26, 27] …
Expanding Authoring Tools to Support Psychomotor Training Beyond the Desktop
RA Sottilare, SJ Ososky, M Boyce – Design Recommendations for … – researchgate.net
… Army Research Laboratory, Orlando, Florida. ISBN: 978-0-9893923-4-1. Sweller, J., Van Merrienboer, J. & Paas, F.(1998). Cognitive architecture and instructional design. Educational Psychology Review, 10 (3), 251–296. Page 379 …
Simulation of Cognitive Processes for automated Usability Testing
M Runge – Diploma, Deutche Telekom Laboratories, Berlin, 2008 – idemployee.id.tue.nl
… emotion model from Ortony, Collins and Clore SDS ….. Speech Dialog System SIM ….. System Interaction Model STM … The implementation oft ACT is a cognitive architecture and belongs to the class of production4 systems …
Aspects of Cognitive Understanding of the Environment by Vision-Based Semantic Mapping
QA Mühlbauer – 2010 – mediatum.ub.tum.de
… Further- more, the whole system has to form a suitable cognitive architecture. This section gives an overview of modern cognitive architectures and presents some robot systems, which are equipped with a cognitive architecture or at least with basic cognitive abilities …
From neuro-psychoanalysis to cognitive and affective automation systems
B Palensky – 2008 – sima.ict.tuwien.ac.at
… This thesis presents a new approach of functionally translating useful human mental capabilities to technical systems via the construction of a unified cognitive architecture based on a combination of neurological and psychoanalytic findings and concepts – two sciences which …
Game world implementation of Artificial Recognition System model
E Ortuño Torra – 2012 – upcommons.upc.edu
… The dialogue system has provided the communicative behaviour required for the CARIM fire- fighting … Soar is a project [Lai12], that was developed by John Laird, Paul … and Allen Newell 1986 in Michigan University, providing a general cognitive architecture for developing …
Rich socio-cognitive agents for immersive training environments: case of NonKin Village
BG Silverman, D Pietrocola, B Nye, N Weyer… – Autonomous Agents and …, 2012 – Springer
… For example, as reviewed in Zacharias et al. [33], the cognitive modeling community may be subsumed here with their many scientific models of human reasoning (eg, ACT-R, SOAR, PsychSim, PMFserv) as can the second generation social science models that add greater …
Ten Years To The Singularity If We Really Really Try
IWRR Try – pdfs.semanticscholar.org
… 120! GOFAI Grows Up: SOAR ….. 124! Millions and Millions of Rules: Cyc ….. 127 … 198! Toward Intelligent Dialogue Systems: The AGI Preschool Project ….. 201! Is a Statistical Turing Bot Possible …
Outlook: Integration and future perspectives for affective computing
KR Scherer, T Bänziger… – A Blueprint for Affective …, 2010 – books.google.com
… Dialogue systems: such applications deal with actual human-machine interactions in task-based scenarios such as telephone-based voice portals … International Workshop on Affective Dialogue Systems, pp. 154–65. Springer, Berlin/Heidelberg …
Towards a Scientific Foundation for Engineering Cognitive Systems-an interim report
HG Stork – academia.edu
Page 1. Towards a Scientific Foundation for Engineering Cognitive Systems – an interim report – Hans-Georg Stork (h-gATcikon.de, AT = @) Contents 1 Engineering, science, and cognition . . . . . 2 2 Cognitive Systems . . . . . 5 …
Workshop 2: Functional Markup
S Marsella, C Pelachaud, H Vilhjálmsson – 2008 – academia.edu
… 1. INTRODUCTION The vast majority of dialogue systems developed to date (embodied and otherwise) have been designed to engage people in a strictly collaborative, task-oriented form of conversation in which the communication of propositional information is the primary, if …
Language understanding by reference resolution in episodic memory
KM Livingston – 2009 – search.proquest.com
Language understanding by reference resolution in episodic memory. Abstract. This dissertation presents an approach to language understanding that treats all ambiguity resolution as a problem of reference resolution: grounding references to episodic memory …
Reinforcement learning in a Multi-agent Framework for Pedestrian Simulation
FA Martinez-Gil – 2014 – search.proquest.com
Reinforcement Learning in a Multi-agent Framework for Pedestrian Simulation. Abstract. The goal of this dissertation consists on the use of Reinforcement Learning (RL) to generate plausible simulations of pedestrians in different environments …