Discourse Representation Structure

Notes:

Discourse Representation Theory (DRT) is a linguistic theory that proposes that the meaning of a sentence is determined by the context in which it is used. DRT uses a formal system called discourse representation structures (DRS) to represent a hearer’s mental representation of a discourse as it unfolds over time. A DRS is a logical representation of the discourse that captures the relationships between the different sentences and elements in the discourse. In natural language understanding software, DRSs can be used to represent the meaning of a discourse and to reason about its content. This can enable the software to understand the intended meaning of a text and to respond appropriately.

Dependency-based Underspecified Discourse Representation Structures (DUDES) is a variant of Discourse Representation Theory (DRT) that uses a different approach to representing the meaning of a discourse. In DRT, the meaning of a discourse is represented using discourse representation structures (DRS), which are logical representations of the discourse that capture the relationships between the different sentences and elements in the discourse. In contrast, DUDES uses dependency-based structures to represent the meaning of a discourse. These structures capture the syntactic dependencies between the words in a sentence, rather than the logical relationships between the sentences and elements in the discourse. This allows DUDES to represent the meaning of a discourse in a more underspecified way, which can make it easier to reason about the discourse and to generate natural language responses.

A Determiner Phrase Discourse Representation Structure (DP-DRS) is a type of logical representation used in Discourse Representation Theory (DRT) to capture the meaning of a discourse. In DRT, the meaning of a discourse is represented using discourse representation structures (DRS), which are logical representations of the discourse that capture the relationships between the different sentences and elements in the discourse. A DP-DRS is a specific type of DRS that uses a determiner phrase (DP) to represent the meaning of a noun phrase in the discourse. A DP is a phrase that begins with a determiner, such as “the” or “a,” and specifies the reference of a noun. For example, the DP “the dog” would be used to refer to a specific dog, while the DP “a dog” would be used to refer to any dog. In a DP-DRS, a DP is used to represent the meaning of a noun phrase in the discourse, and the relationships between the DPs are used to represent the logical relationships between the noun phrases in the discourse. This allows the DP-DRS to capture the meaning of the discourse in a more precise and detailed way.

Discourse representation parsing is the process of analyzing a text or discourse to determine its meaning. This is typically done using a formal system called Discourse Representation Theory (DRT), which proposes that the meaning of a sentence is determined by the context in which it is used. In DRT, the meaning of a discourse is represented using discourse representation structures (DRS), which are logical representations of the discourse that capture the relationships between the different sentences and elements in the discourse. To parse a discourse, a DRT parser will analyze the text to identify the individual sentences and their syntactic structure, and then use this information to construct a DRS that represents the meaning of the discourse. The parser will then use the DRS to reason about the content of the discourse and to generate natural language responses. This process allows the parser to understand the intended meaning of the discourse and to respond appropriately.

Discourse representations are logical representations of the meaning of a discourse. In Discourse Representation Theory (DRT), a discourse representation is a formal structure that captures the relationships between the different sentences and elements in a discourse. These representations are used to represent the meaning of a discourse, and to reason about its content. Discourse representations can take a variety of forms, depending on the specific formalism used in DRT. Some common types of discourse representations include discourse representation structures (DRS), which use a logical notation to represent the meaning of a discourse, and dependency-based structures, which capture the syntactic dependencies between the words in a sentence. These representations are used to represent the meaning of a discourse in a precise and detailed way, and to enable natural language understanding software to understand the intended meaning of a discourse and to respond appropriately.

Natural language semantics is the branch of linguistics that studies the meaning of words and sentences in natural languages, such as English or Spanish. This includes the study of the meaning of individual words, the relationship between words and their syntactic structures, and the meaning of sentences and larger discourse units. Machine reading, on the other hand, is the ability of a computer to understand and interpret natural language text. In order to enable a computer to understand natural language text, it must be able to analyze the text and determine its meaning. This is where natural language semantics comes into play. By applying natural language semantic principles and techniques to machine reading, it is possible to develop algorithms and systems that can analyze natural language text and determine its meaning. This allows machines to understand and interpret natural language text, and to respond to it in a way that is appropriate and meaningful.

Resources:

ace-in-gf .. attempto controlled english in grammatical framework
boxer .. input ccg derivations and produce discourse representation structures
fox .. a framework for rdf extraction from text based on ensemble learning
fred .. machine reader for the semantic web, able to parse natural language text and transform it to linked data
naivesumm .. uses the frequencies of words in the document in order to calculate and extract the sentences
pdrt sandbox .. an implementation of the formal framework of projective discourse representation theory
propbank.github.io .. the proposition bank
wit.istc.cnr.it/stlab-tools/fred .. a machine reader for the semantic web

Wikipedia:

References:

Semantic Modeling of Textual Entailment: Proof-Based Annotation in a Compositional Framework (2015)
Weak Referentiality (2014)
Discourse Processing (2012)
Towards Generating Text from Discourse Representation Structures (2011)
Anaphora Resolution (2002)

Discourse representation parsing for sentences and documents
J Liu, SB Cohen, M Lapata – Proceedings of the 57th Annual Meeting of …, 2019 – aclweb.org
… a wide margin. We release our code and DRTS benchmarks in the hope of driving research in se- mantic parsing further.2 1The shared task on Discourse Representation Structure parsing in IWCS 2019. https://sites.google.com …

Discourse representation structure parsing with recurrent neural networks and the transformer model
J Liu, SB Cohen, M Lapata – Proceedings of the IWCS Shared Task on …, 2019 – aclweb.org
We describe the systems we developed for Discourse Representation Structure (DRS) parsing as part of the IWCS-2019 Shared Task of DRS Parsing. 1 Our systems are based on sequence-to-sequence modeling. To implement our model, we use the open-source neural …

Discourse prominence: Definition and application
K Von Heusinger, PB Schumacher – Journal of Pragmatics, 2019 – Elsevier
JavaScript is disabled on your browser. Please enable JavaScript to use all the features on this page. Skip to main content Skip to article …

Separating Argument Structure from Logical Structure in AMR
J Bos – arXiv preprint arXiv:1908.01355, 2019 – arxiv.org
… 4.3 From AMR to DRS A simple way of converting labelled AMRs to DRS (Discourse Representation Structure) is as follows: replace each AMR by a DRS (this DRS contains exactly one discourse referent, one one-place predicate, and zero or more two-place relations) …

Generating discourse inferences from unscoped episodic logical formulas
G Kim, B Kane, V Duong, M Mendiratta… – Proceedings of the First …, 2019 – aclweb.org
Page 1. Proceedings of the First International Workshop on Designing Meaning Representations, pages 56–65 Florence, Italy, August 1st, 2019 c 2019 Association for Computational Linguistics 56 Generating Discourse Inferences from Unscoped Episodic Logical Formulas …

A survey of discourse representations for chinese discourse annotation
X Kang, C Zong, N Xue – ACM Transactions on Asian and Low-Resource …, 2019 – dl.acm.org
… DRT describes the semantics of a text using Discourse Representation Structure (DRS), a “box-style” logical notation which con- tains a set of discourse referents and a set of DRS conditions. SDRT introduces rhetorical relations to represent the semantics of a text …

Evaluation benchmarks and learning criteriafor discourse-aware sentence representations
M Chen, Z Chu, K Gimpel – arXiv preprint arXiv:1909.00142, 2019 – arxiv.org
Page 1. Evaluation Benchmarks and Learning Criteria for Discourse-Aware Sentence Representations Mingda Chen2? Zewei Chu1? Kevin Gimpel2 1University of Chicago, IL, USA 2Toyota Technological Institute at Chicago …

Evaluation benchmarks and learning criteria for discourse-aware sentence representations
M Chen, Z Chu, K Gimpel – Proceedings of the 2019 Conference on …, 2019 – aclweb.org
Page 1. Proceedings of the 2019 Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing and the 9th International Joint Conference on Natural Language Processing, pages 649–662, Hong Kong, China, November 3–7, 2019 …

Magic: A fundamental framework for gesture representation, comparison and assessment
E Rojas-Muñoz, JP Wachs – 2019 14th IEEE International …, 2019 – ieeexplore.ieee.org
… 2) Extended Segmented Discourse Representation Struc- ture: Segmented Discourse Representation Structure (SDRS) is a formal dynamic semantics framework introduced by Asher and Lascarides that represents semantic and prag- matic information from utterances [25] …

From Discourse to Logic with Stanford CoreNLP and Treebank Semantics
A Butler – JSAI International Symposium on Artificial Intelligence, 2019 – Springer
… With (12) we can see a representation that essentially has the form of a Discourse Representation Structure (DRS; Kamp and Reyle 1993), with head/4 to declare the top box, which is binding the discourse referent x(‘EVENT’, 1), and body/2 to declare the bottom box which …

11 Discourse Representation Theory
H Kamp, U Reyle – Semantics-Theories, 2019 – books.google.com
… The general framework it proposes is dynamic: the semantic contribution that a sentence makes to a discourse or text is analysed as its contribution to the semantic representation–Discourse Representation Structure or DRS–that has already been constructed for the sentences …

A type-coherent, expressive representation as an initial step to language understanding
GL Kim, L Schubert – arXiv preprint arXiv:1903.09333, 2019 – arxiv.org
… A couple yet-unmentioned but notable semantic annotation projects are the Groningen Meaning Bank (Bos et al., 2017), with discourse representation structure (DRS) annota- tions (Kamp, 1981) and the Redwoods treebank (Flickinger et al., 2012; Oepen et al., 2002) with …

Review of The Meaning of Space in Sign Language: Reference, Specificity and Structure in Catalan Sign Language Discourse
RV Busto, SC Peña – Isogloss. A journal on variation of Romance …, 2019 – revistes.uab.cat
… Importantly, the narrow/wide distinction predicts coreferential constraints arising from the position of the variable within a Discourse Representation Structure (DRS): variables with wide scope appear in the main DRS and are accessible for further coreference, while those with …

Towards complex text-to-sql in cross-domain database with intermediate representation
J Guo, Z Zhan, Y Gao, Y Xiao, JG Lou, T Liu… – arXiv preprint arXiv …, 2019 – arxiv.org
Page 1. Towards Complex Text-to-SQL in Cross-Domain Database with Intermediate Representation Jiaqi Guo1?, Zecheng Zhan2?, Yan Gao3, Yan Xiao3, Jian-Guang Lou3 Ting Liu1, Dongmei Zhang3 1Xi’an Jiaotong University …

Linguistic information in neural semantic parsing with multiple encoders
R van Noord, A Toral, J Bos – … of the 13th International Conference on …, 2019 – aclweb.org
… especially when using a multi-encoder setup. We employ a range of semantic and syntactic resources to improve performance for the task of Discourse Representation Structure Parsing. We show that (i) linguistic features can …

Degrees of discourse configurationality and beyond
A Latrouite, RD Van Valin Jr – ubwp.buffalo.edu
Page 1. Degrees of discourse configurationality and beyond Anja Latrouite1 & Robert D. Van Valin, Jr.1,2 Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf1 University at Buffalo2 This research was supported by the German Research Foundation [DFG] through SFB/ CRC 991. 1 Page 2 …

Discrete Argument Representation Learning for Interactive Argument Pair Identification
L Ji, Z Wei, J Li, Q Zhang, X Huang – arXiv preprint arXiv:1911.01621, 2019 – arxiv.org
Page 1. Discrete Argument Representation Learning for Interactive Argument Pair Identification Lu Ji1 , Zhongyu Wei2?, Jing Li3, Qi Zhang1 , Xuanjing Huang1 1School of Computer Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China …

Towards a cognitively viable linguistic representation
G Alberti, M Dóla, E Kárpáti, J Kleiber… – …, 2019 – pdfs.semanticscholar.org
… down above. 7 By representing mental states as lifelong discourse representation structures with possible worlds inside, ?eALIS offers a solution to the basic problem of the Amsterdam School (Groenendijk et al. 1996) along …

Proceedings of the IWCS Shared Task on Semantic Parsing
L Abzianidze, R van Noord, H Haagsma… – Proceedings of the IWCS …, 2019 – aclweb.org
… Page 5. Table of Contents The First Shared Task on Discourse Representation Structure Parsing Lasha Abzianidze, Rik van Noord, Hessel Haagsma and Johan Bos … 16 Discourse Representation Structure Parsing with Recurrent Neural Networks and the Trans- former Model …

Towards a DRS Parsing Framework for French
LN Lê, Y Haralambous, P Lenca – 2019 Sixth International …, 2019 – ieeexplore.ieee.org
… Based on the foundations of these two theories along with the work of Johan Bos on the Boxer framework for English language, we propose an approach to the task of semantic parsing with Discourse Representation Structure for the French language …

Neural Boxer at the IWCS shared task on DRS parsing
R van Noord – Proceedings of the IWCS Shared Task on Semantic …, 2019 – aclweb.org
… Rik van Noord Center for Language and Cognition, University of Groningen rikvan.noord@ rug.nl Abstract This paper describes our participation in the shared task of Discourse Representation Structure parsing. It follows the work of Van Noord et al …

Deep Semantic Parsing Method to Capture the Structure of Multi-Relation Questions over Linked Data
W Nouar, Z Boufaida – ceur-ws.org
… Semantic representations in DRT are specified in terms of a language based on boxlike structures called DRSs (Discourse Representation Structure). The non- terminal denotes a discourse referent, and an n-place predicate symbol …

The anaphoric potential of indefinites under negation and disjunction
L Hofmann – Proceedings of the 22nd Amsterdam Colloquium, 2019 – people.ucsc.edu
… Negation is externally static, indefinites in its scope never introduce global drefs ? In DRT, it introduces a subordinated discourse representation structure (DRS) 4 / 28 Page 11. Introduction The account Discussion Conclusion References , Krahmer and Muskens (1995) …

Assessing the emergence of reduced clefts in Brazilian Portuguese: Rhetoric structure, information structure and syntax
A de Andrade – 12th Workshop on Formal Linguistics – researchgate.net
… Finally, there is Narration between (2a) and (2d). This Rhetorical Structure can be presented in the form of an SDRS (Segmented Discourse Representation Structure), either in the form of cards (similar to the ones used in DRT, cf. KAMP; REYLE, 1993), or in a …

Underneath rhetorical relations: The case of Result
E Onea – Questions in discourse, 2019 – brill.com
Jump to Content Jump to Main Navigation …

Transition-based DRS parsing using stack-LSTMs
K Evang – Proceedings of the IWCS Shared Task on Semantic …, 2019 – aclweb.org
… The challenge is to map raw input sentences (plain text, not tokenized or otherwise annotated) to discourse representation structures (DRSs) … Abzianidze, L., R. van Noord, H. Haagsma, and J. Bos (2019). The first shared task on discourse representation structure parsing …

Representation of sentence meaning (A JNLE Special Issue)
O Bojar, R Bernardi, B Webber – Natural Language Engineering, 2019 – cambridge.org
… models within for- mal linguistic theories. Chersoni et al. (2019) proposes a Structured Distributional Model using Discourse Representation Structures that represent sentences as events. Inspired by psycholin- guistic research on …

Variable Handling and Compositionality: Comparing DRT and DTS
Y Yana, K Mineshima, D Bekki – Journal of Logic, Language and …, 2019 – Springer
… 1993; Kamp et al. 2011) and those based on Dependent Type Theory (Martin-Löf 1984). DRT introduces a level of semantic representations called Discourse Representation Structures (DRSs). The interpretation of a sentence …

A survey of cross-lingual features for zero-shot cross-lingual semantic parsing
J Yang, F Fancellu, B Webber – arXiv preprint arXiv:1908.10461, 2019 – arxiv.org
… e2 x1 b3 open(e2) laptop(x1) Owner(x1, “speaker”) Agent(e2, “speaker”) Theme(e2, x1) CONTINUATION(b2, b3) Figure 1: The Discourse Representation Structure (DRS) for “I sat down and opened my laptop” … 2018. Discourse representation structure parsing …

A semantic annotation scheme for quantification
H Bunt – Proceedings of the 13th International Conference on …, 2019 – aclweb.org
… language expressions involving quantifications. Several of the ISO semantic annotation standards use DRT’s Discourse Representation Structures (DRSs) for defining a semantics of annotation structures. QuantML follows suit …

The Oxford Handbook of Event Structure
R Truswell – 2019 – books.google.com
… dir directional DIR directive transitivizer DISTR distributive DM Distributed Morphology DO direct object DOR direct object restriction DP determiner phrase DPred depictive secondary predicate dref discourse referent DRS discourse representation structure DRT Discourse …

The Oxford handbook of reference
J Gundel, B Abbott – 2019 – books.google.com
… phrase of the category of common nouns complementizer complementizer phrase domain dead end DEF Det/D DNF DP DRS DRT DUR EEG ELAN definite determiner Disjunctive Normal Form determiner phrase Discourse Representation Structure Discourse Representation …

The Inferential Semantics of Comics: Panels and Their Meanings
J Wildfeuer – Poetics Today, 2019 – read.dukeupress.edu
… The formal style of the logical forms goes back to the discourse representation structures that Hans Kamp and Uwe Reyle (1993) introduced for verbal discourse, where decoding the verbal clause with the help of compositional semantics leads to the interpretation of its content …

Knowledge Authoring and Question Answering with KALM
T Gao – arXiv preprint arXiv:1905.00840, 2019 – arxiv.org
… Each CNL is developed with a language parser which translates the English sentences into an intermediate structure, discourse representation structure (DRS) [10] … [5] Norbert E. Fuchs, Kaarel Kaljurand & Tobias Kuhn (2010): Discourse Representation Structures for ACE 6.6 …

Semantic graph parsing with recurrent neural network DAG grammars
F Fancellu, S Gilroy, A Lopez, M Lapata – arXiv preprint arXiv:1910.00051, 2019 – arxiv.org
… Its meaning representation, expressed as a Discourse Representation Structure (DRS, Kamp 1981), is shown in Figure 1.1 A DRS is drawn as a box with … Figure 1: The discourse representation structure for “Every ship in the dock needs a big anchor” …

Epistemic specificity from a communication-theoretic perspective
H Kamp, Á Bende-Farkas – Journal of Semantics, 2019 – academic.oup.com
Abstract. This paper offers a DRT-based analysis of epistemic specificity. Following Farkas (1996), we distinguish between scopal, partitive and epistemic spec.

Semantic Representation Extraction from Unstructured Arabic Text
G Zakria, M Farouk, K Fathy, MN Makar – Proceedings of the 2019 8th …, 2019 – dl.acm.org
… This technique is great for the English language. However, it is difficult to apply this approach in Arabic because of the lack of resources such as the boxer system which is responsible for representing English text in a semantic format (Discourse Representation Structure) …

Arabic Sentence: a Syntax-Semantics Interface using an Extended Theory of Referent System
Y Aboamer, M Kracht – pdfs.semanticscholar.org
… to be assigned by morphosyntactic infor- mation. This modified version, as introduced by Marcus Kracht, is combined with discourse representation structure (DRS) to form the semantic structure. The idea is to deal with names …

The Representation of Facts about Old Russian Charters on the Semantic Web: Attempto Controlled English (ACE)
A Ivanovs, A Varfolomeyev – Slavistica Vilnensis, 2019 – zurnalai.vu.lt
… ISSN 2351-6895 eISSN 2424-6115 Slavistica Vilnensis

Application of DRT in College English Reading Teaching
X Meng – Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 2019 – iopscience.iop.org
… 2. Interpretation of inter-sentence anaphora in English reading by DRT DRT consists of three parts: syntactic rules, construction rules of DRS (short for Discourse Representation Structure) and interpretation of DRS in the model …

On the interactions with pragmatics in Role and Reference Grammar
M Shimojo – ubwp.buffalo.edu
… 1. Introduction Page 4. 4 Assumptions • Each utterance has discourse representation structures [DRS]. • The current utterance reflects input from the DRS of the preceding utterance … utterance, etc. Utterance (Ui-1) Discourse representation structure (Ui-1) Utterance (Ui) …

Recalculating: The atlas of pragmatic parameters of developmental disorders
A Viszket, A Hoss, E Kárpáti… – Linguistics Beyond and …, 2019 – czasopisma.kul.pl
… As discourse situations are modeled in ?eALIS in a way that interlocutors are represented as each-other-building lifelong discourse representation structures by the mathematical technique of simultaneous recursion (Alberti 2000), Maier’s (2016:476) words on the scientific …

Pragmasemantic analysis of the Hungarian inferential: evidential expression szerint
A Szeteli, M Dóla, G Alberti – Studies in Polish Linguistics, 2019 – ruj.uj.edu.pl
Page 1. Studies in Polish Linguistics Special Volume 1 (2019), pp. 207–225 doi:10.4467/ 23005920SPL.19.013.10993 www.ejournals.eu/SPL Anna Szeteli, Mónika Dóla, Gábor Alberti1 Pragmasemantic Analysis of the Hungarian Inferential – Evidential Expression szerint …

A DRT Tutorial
H Kamp – langsci.uci.edu
… Page 5. Discourse Representation Theory The logical forms/semantic representations of DRT are known as Discourse Representation Structures (DRSs). DRT’s logical form formalisms are known as DRS-languages. DRS-languages …

The Semantics of ISO-Space
J Pustejovsky, K Lee, H Bunt – Workshop on Interoperable Semantic …, 2019 – sigsem.uvt.nl
… Each of the annotation structures is interpreted as a Discourse Representation Structure (DRS), as defined in Kamp and Reyle (1993), through the interpretation function ?, a mapping 4Spatial relators such as from, to, and through just define the start, end, and mids of an event …

Information extraction tool Text2ALM: from narratives to action language system descriptions
C Olson, Y Lierler – arXiv preprint arXiv:1909.08235, 2019 – arxiv.org
… The TEXT2DRS tool formed the starting point in the development of TEXT2ALM due to its ability to extract basic entity and relational information from a narrative. The output of the TEXT2DRS system is called a discourse representation structure, or DRS [10] …

Glue semantics for universal dependencies
M Gotham, DTT Haug – 2019 – ora.ox.ac.uk
… (4) Kim relied on Sandy. (5) Kim left on Tuesday. We will return to the discussion of (4)–(5) in Section 5. 3 Semantics 3.1 Meaning representation Our target meaning representations are Discourse Representation Structures, the format of which is inspired by Boxer (Bos, 2008) …

Healthcare Computer Reasoning Addressing Chronically Ill Societies Using IoT: Deep Learning AI to the Rescue of Home-Based Healthcare
D Mendes, MJ Lopes, A Romão… – Chronic Illness and Long …, 2019 – igi-global.com
… The particular solution illustrated here is the extension of the usual DRS (Discourse Representation Structure) that usually handles single texts and our proposal that we named CIDERS (Clinical Integrated Discourse Enhanced Representation Structure) which has the …

Pictorial narratives and temporal refinement
T Fernando – Semantics and Linguistic Theory, 2019 – journals.linguisticsociety.org
… A positive answer to (Q) is presented below, in which a sequence p1p2 ··· pn of pictures pi constituting a pictorial narrative is turned into a string of boxes not unlike the Discourse Representation Structures of Kamp & Reyle (1993) …

From lexical to semantic features in paraphrase identification
P Fialho, L Coheur, P Quaresma – 8th Symposium on Languages …, 2019 – drops.dagstuhl.de
… Page 3. P. Fialho and L. Coheur and P. Quaresma 9:3 are Abstract Meaning Representation (from now on AMR) [1] and Discourse Representation Structures [14]. In this work we will use AMR representations of sentences to calculate semantic features, as suggested in [12] …

A computational account of virtual travelers in the Montagovian generative lexicon
A Lefeuvre-Halftermeyer, R Moot… – The Semantics of …, 2019 – books.google.com
… relatively little work. Finally, we intend to incorporate our results with the output of a wide-coverage French semantic parser (Moot 2012) and this parser produces Discourse Representation Structures as output. Though reasons …

A Neural Network Approach to Verb Phrase Ellipsis Resolution
WN Zhang, Y Zhang, Y Liu, D Di, T Liu – … of the AAAI Conference on Artificial …, 2019 – aaai.org
… Most existing work uses heuristic rules, manually constructed features extracted from auxiliaries and syntactic structures, and linguistic theo- ries such as Discourse Representation Structure (DRS) (Bos 2012), Simple Parallel Configuration (SPC) (McShane and Babkin 2016 …

Making sense of conflicting (defeasible) rules in the controlled natural language ACE: design of a system with support for existential quantification using …
M Diller, A Wyner, H Strass – … of the 13th International Conference on …, 2019 – aclweb.org
… Secondly, there are several open-source tools for ACE; the main one being the parser APE, which translates ACE texts to FOL via discourse representation structures (DRSs) (Blackburn and Bos, 2005) and also verbalises DRSs …

Augmenting an Answer Set Based Controlled Natural Language with Temporal Expressions
R Schwitter – Pacific Rim International Conference on Artificial …, 2019 – Springer
… In contrast to CPL, a textual specification in PENG Light is translated during the parsing process into discourse representation structures, the basic meaning-carrying units of discourse representation theory [7], and then further into a Prolog-based version of the simplified Event …

Picturing Questions and Answers-a formal approach to SLAM
M Boritchev, M Amblard – 2019 – hal.inria.fr
Page 1. HAL Id: hal-02269631 https://hal.inria.fr/hal-02269631 Submitted on 23 Aug 2019 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- entific research documents, whether they are pub- lished or not …

GKR: Bridging the gap between symbolic/structural and distributional meaning representations
AL Kalouli, R Crouch, V dePaiva – … of the First International Workshop on …, 2019 – aclweb.org
Page 1. Proceedings of the First International Workshop on Designing Meaning Representations, pages 44–55 Florence, Italy, August 1st, 2019 c 2019 Association for Computational Linguistics 44 GKR: Bridging the gap between …

Cognitive interaction with virtual assistants: From philosophical foundations to illustrative examples in aeronautics
D Bernard, A Arnold – Computers in Industry, 2019 – Elsevier
JavaScript is disabled on your browser. Please enable JavaScript to use all the features on this page. Skip to main content Skip to article …

But let your ‘Yes’ be ‘Yes,’and your ‘No,”No.’Meaning construction in medical encounters
E Kárpáti, J Kleiber – Linguistics Beyond and Within (LingBaW), 2019 – czasopisma.kul.pl
… including the assumed knowledge on the speaker’s knowledge. Lifelong means that the interpreter is building a huge DRS (discourse representation structure) from birth, consisting of momentary information states … Alberti, G. 2000. Lifelong discourse representation structures …

11 Formal semantics and representationalism
R Kempson – Semantics-Foundations, History and Methods, 2019 – books.google.com
… language were said to be interpreted by a construction algorithm for interpretation which takes the syntactic structure of a string as input and maps this by successive constructional steps onto a structured representation called a Discourse Representation Structure (DRS), which …

Beyond the Conditional Sentence and Towards Cognitive Reality
CH Elder – Context, Cognition and Conditionals, 2019 – Springer
… Through the construct of a Discourse Representation Structure (DRS) as a mental representation of the interpretation of a sentence (see Kamp 1981), its truth conditions are not only determined by the composition of meanings of words in the sentence itself, but also by the …

Distributional Models of Meaning
D Wang – cs.ox.ac.uk
… In DRT, a text is represented as a set of variables (words), and a set of conditions which dictates how these variables interact with each other; these two sets together gives the Discourse Representation Structure (DRS) of the text …

Tracking Of Referents In The Western Desert Languages Of Australia
DLOF AUSTRALIA – … on the Construction of Meaning and …, 2019 – books.google.com
… Discourse representation structure represents common ground, with information in discourse being added to common ground (Roberts 1998: 362-363) … Shimojo (2008) integrates discourse representation structure and RRG with respect to missing nouns as well as verbs …

Alexa, How Can I Reason with Prolog?
F Nogatz, J Kübert, D Seipel… – 8th Symposium on …, 2019 – drops.dagstuhl.de
… The three parts – vocabulary, construction rules, and interpretation rules – are combined in the Attempto Parsing Engine (APE) [3]. It translates a given ACE text into discourse representation structure (DRS) [7], which uses a variant of the language of first-order logic …

Tüpa at SemEval-2019 Task1:(Almost) feature-free Semantic Parsing
T Pütz, K Glocker – Proceedings of the 13th International Workshop on …, 2019 – aclweb.org
… 16), pages 23–28. Rik van Noord, Lasha Abzianidze, Antonio Toral, and Johan Bos. 2018. Exploring neural methods for parsing discourse representation structures. arXiv preprint arXiv:1810.12579. Matthew E. Peters, Mark …

The Oxford Reference Guide to Lexical Functional Grammar
M Dalrymple, L Mycock – 2019 – books.google.com
… Negative binding constraints 526 14.4.3.3 Intersentential anaphora 528 14.4.3.4 Discourse Representation Structures and meaning assembly 530 14.4.3.5 Context update 531 14.4.3.6 Anaphora: combining clauses 533 14.4.3.7 Indefinites in context 535 14.4.3.8 Indefinites as …

Entity representations and articulated contexts
H Kamp – University of Stuttgart/University of Texas at Austin, 2019 – ims.uni-stuttgart.de
… The larger Project Dependence on the Discourse Context: (5) a. Last week Fred bought a donkey. b. He sold it the next day. (6) (Discourse Representation Structure for (??.a)) nt1′ t1 e1 fd “week-before-the-week-of”(n)(t1′) t1 < nt1 ? t1′ e1 ? t1 Fred(f) donkey(d) e1: buy(f, d) …

What does that Lugwere demonstrative refer to? A semantic analysis of proximity and exteriority
D Ahn, J Van Der Wal – Studies in African Linguistics, 2019 – journals.flvc.org
… First, we extend the notion of the perimeter to include not only spatial contexts but also discourse contexts. A concept of a discourse perimeter may be equated to a discourse representation structure or a set of discourse referents in Discourse Representation Theory (DRT; cf …

Guided open story generation using probabilistic graphical models
S Gandhi, B Harrison – Proceedings of the 14th International Conference …, 2019 – dl.acm.org
… As a result, we cannot consider a single sentence at a time when forming an event. Fortunately, a representation known as discourse representation structure (DRS) [15] breaks down the text while extracting the semantic relationships across the story …

Non-Lexical Pragmatics: Time, Causality and Logical Words
J Moeschler – 2019 – books.google.com
Page 1. Jacques Moeschler Non-Lexical Pragmatics Page 2. Mouton Series in Pragmatics Editor Istvan Kecskes Editorial Board Reinhard Blutner (Universiteit van Amsterdam) NJ Enfield (Max-Planck-Institute for Psycholinguistics …

Idioms and the syntax/semantics interface of descriptive content vs. reference
B Gehrke, L McNally – Linguistics, 2019 – degruyter.com
Jump to Content Jump to Main Navigation Publications. Subjects. Architecture and Design Arts Asian and Pacific Studies Business and Economics Chemistry Classical and Ancient Near Eastern Studies Computer Sciences Cultural …

Mapping Clinical Practice Guidelines to SWRL Rules
S Sbissi, M Mahfoudh, S Gattoufi – World Conference on Information …, 2019 – Springer
… semantic parsing. Gangemi et al. [5] proposed a system called FRED that extracts n-ary relations based on discourse representation structures and mapped them to RDF (Resource Description Framework) representation. Park and …

Natural Language Generation from Ontologies
V Nguyen, TC Son, E Pontelli – International Symposium on Practical …, 2019 – Springer
… However, ACE is a formal language that can be used for knowledge representation; ACE texts are computer-processable and can be unambiguously translated into discourse representation structures, a syntactic variant of first-order logic …

Comparative study of existing approaches on the Task of Natural Language to Database Language
K Ahkouk, M Machkour, M Ennaji… – … of Computer Science …, 2019 – ieeexplore.ieee.org
… 2 context-free analysis to get rules such as NP, VP, etc. Tannier et al. [2] used Discourse Representation Structure (DRS) for getting relations between each term (Fig.3), along with their own rules to convert the input, firstly, to an intermediate formal …

10 Situation Semantics: From indexicality to metacommunicative interaction
J Ginzburg – Semantics-Theories, 2019 – books.google.com
… The standard DRT construction algorithm would assign to the text in (16a) an interpretation along the lines of (16b)(using the syntax from Poesio & Muskens 1997) for Discourse Representation Structures (DRSs)–a single DRS containing the merged propo- sitional content of …

Fiction and Representation
Z Vecsey – 2019 – books.google.com
… Abbreviations ASC Artefactual Status of Characters CNRR Characters as Non-Relational Representations DRS Discourse Representation Structure DRT Discourse Representation Theory ECP Encoding Comprehension Principle MCP Modal Comprehension Principle MSC …

8 Meaning in psycholinguistics
L Frazier – Semantics-Typology, Diachrony and Processing, 2019 – books.google.com
… thematic role, scope and focus). Base position preference may be offset in the case of specific indefinites by a reluctance to reanalyze a phrase if it has already been interpreted as a variable at the highest level of the discourse representation Structure (Kamp & Reyle 1993) …

Hierarchical Attention Generative Adversarial Networks for Biomedical Texts Uncertainty Detection
FT Al-Khawaldeh – International Journal of Advanced Studies in …, 2019 – academia.edu
… function [57]. Basile et al. applied Discourse Representation Structures (DRSs) to get explicit compositional semantics. The system was steady and strong specially to negated event or property within the scope [58]. In 2014 …

Prior Probabilities of Allen Interval Relations over Finite Orders.
T Fernando, C Vogel – ICAART (2), 2019 – tara.tcd.ie
Page 1. Prior Probabilities of Allen Interval Relations over Finite Orders Tim Fernando and Carl Vogel ADAPT Centre, Computer Science Department, Trinity College Dublin, Ireland Keywords: Allen Interval Relations, Probabilities, Events …

Idioms and the syntax/semantics interface of descriptive content vs. reference
L McNally, B Gehrke – Linguistics. 2019; 57 (4): 769-814. DOI …, 2019 – repositori.upf.edu
… via a set of construction rules. All DRT representations, called Discourse Representation Structures (DRSs), crucially separate discourse referents from the conditions that these referents must satisfy. However, in the version of …

Roadmap for an Arabic Controlled Language
HS El Fahal, M Nasri, K Bouzoubaa… – International Journal of …, 2019 – journals.sfu.ca
… Web. Attempto team has been developing many tools around ACE including APE (Attempto Parsing Engine), a tool that translates ACE text into first-order logic via DRS (Discourse Representation Structures) (Kamp et al., 2013) …

3 Tense and aspect: Time across languages
CS Smith – Semantics-Typology, Diachrony and Processing, 2019 – books.google.com
… resentation Theory). DRT develops a dynamic semantic representation, known as a Discourse Representation Structure (DRS), that encodes information from the surface structure of the successive clauses of a text. Times are …

Plug-in for Annotating Semantic Effect on BPMN Business Process Models
HN Hadi, TA Kurniawan, I Aknuranda – Journal of Information …, 2019 – jitecs.ub.ac.id
… ACE is supported by several tools, including Attempto Parsing Engine (APE) which translates ACE sentences into Discourse Representation Structures (DRS) and FOL, Attempto Reasoner (RACE), ACE RULES System. 4 Plug-in Development …

What about lexical semantics if syntax is the only generative component of the grammar?
T Pross – Natural Language & Linguistic Theory, 2019 – Springer
This paper explores the semantic consequences of the principle of containment embodied by the popular assumption that word formation is entirely syntactic and that there is no generative lexicon….

EAT2seq: A generic framework for controlled sentence transformation without task-specific training
T Gröndahl, N Asokan – arXiv preprint arXiv:1902.09381, 2019 – arxiv.org
Page 1. arXiv:1902.09381v3 [cs.CL] 8 Apr 2019 EAT2seq: A generic framework for controlled sentence transformation without task-specific training Tommi Gröndahl N. Asokan Abstract We present EAT2seq: a novel method …

12 Dynamic semantics
P Dekker – Semantics-Theories, 2019 – books.google.com
Page 391. Paul Dekker 12 Dynamic semantics Introduction 385 Dynamic predicate logic391 Pragmatic generalizations 399 Methodological issues 407 References 410 1 2 3 4 5 Abstract: In this article we give an introduction to the idea and workings of dynamic semantics …

Solving arithmetic mathematical word problems: A review and recent advancements
S Mandal, SK Naskar – Information Technology and Applied Mathematics, 2019 – Springer
… Matsuzaki et al. [26] developed an algorithm to represent a simple and logic-based architecture for solving MWPs. They proposed Discourse Representation Structure (DRS) for representing MWPs semantically. Then after many …

Translate and label! An encoder-decoder approach for cross-lingual semantic role labeling
A Daza, A Frank – arXiv preprint arXiv:1908.11326, 2019 – arxiv.org
Page 1. Translate and Label! An Encoder-Decoder Approach for Cross-lingual Semantic Role Labeling Angel Daza and Anette Frank Leibniz ScienceCampus “Empirical Linguistics and Computational Language Modeling” Department …

The theory of not having a theory: descriptive linguistics in practice
GC BATIC – 2019 – unora.unior.it
… to the thematic roles present within the discourse, but the very notion of thematic role has a solid theoretical background: Fillmore’s Case Grammar Theory to start with (Fillmore 1968), and then Frame Semantics (Fillmore 1977), Discourse Representation Structure (Kamp 1981 …

The Semantics and Pragmatics of Argumentation
C Pavese – Linguistics Meets Philosophy. Cambridge, UK …, 2019 – academia.edu
… Structure). A SDRS is a recursive structure consist- ing of labelled elementary DRSs (ie, Discourse Representation Structures) representing a single clause and labelled sub-SDRSs linked together by Dis- course Relations …

Presuppositions and Synchronous Tree-Adjoining Grammar
EA Braun – 2019 – dash.harvard.edu
… As a result, a presupposition is able, in essence, to create its own antecedent. DRT depends on discourse representation structures (DRSs), which can be conceived of as con- stantly updating “pictures” of the discourse that change as the discourse evolves and more informa …

Where is the destructive update problem?
S Charlow – Semantics and Pragmatics, 2019 – semprag.org
… to be novel. A similar state of affairs is seen in DRT, where the construction algorithm for discourse representation structures must see to it that indefinites are associated with novel indices (Kamp & Reyle 1993: 84). There are …

Processing Narratives by Means of Action Languages
C Olson – 2019 – digitalcommons.unomaha.edu
Page 1. Masthead Logo University of Nebraska at Omaha DigitalCommons@UNO …

Querying Knowledge via Multi-Hop English Questions
T Gao, P Fodor, M Kifer – Theory and Practice of Logic Programming, 2019 – cambridge.org
… of words. This extracted information is represented by a list of stylized first-order terms known as a discourse representation structure, or DRS.3 Example 1. The sentence “a director directs a film” has the following DRS object …

17 Semantic issues in machine translation
K Eberle – Typology, Diachrony and Processing – degruyter.com
… Quasi logical forms (QLF) are used in the Bilingual Conversation Inter- preter (BCI)(cf. Alshawi 1992). Discourse representation structure and underspe- cified versions of DRT have been used in various systems designed in the nineties (Barnett et al. 1991, Emele et al …

Controlled Natural Languages and Default Reasoning
T Gao – arXiv preprint arXiv:1905.04422, 2019 – arxiv.org
… Page 7. rules. Subsection 5 describes Discourse Representation Structure (DRS), the semantic interpre- tation of ACE sentences. Subsection 6 shows the Attempto Parsing Engine (APE). Subsection 7 presents the Attempto reasoning engine, RACE reasoner. 2.1 Vocabulary …

An experimental investigation of the scope of object comparative quantifier phrases
K Syrett, A Brasoveanu – Journal of Semantics, 2019 – academic.oup.com
Abstract. Recent investigations of the constraints on the scope of Comparative Quantifier Phrases (CQPs) (Takahashi 2006; Mayr & Spector 2012; Fleisher 201.

Body-anchored verbs and argument omission in two sign languages
M Oomen, V Kimmelman – 2019 – bora.uib.no
Page 1. RESEARCH Body-anchored verbs and argument omission in two sign languages Marloes Oomen1 and Vadim Kimmelman2 1 University of Amsterdam, Spuistraat 134, 1012 VB Amsterdam, NL 2 University of Bergen …

From natural language text to rules: knowledge acquisition from formal documents for aircraft assembly
N Madhusudanan, B Gurumoorthy… – Journal of Engineering …, 2019 – Taylor & Francis
Skip to Main Content …

How to extract knowledge of Qualitative Data from Big Textual Data
C Jouis, M Orús-Lacort – researchgate.net
… The second uses the results of the first to produce the representation of parts of speech (Discourse Representation Structures, DRS) introduced by (Hans Kamp) in the Theory of Speech Performances (Discourse Representation Theory DRT) [17] to formally represent speech text …

Handling Modifiers in Question Answering over Knowledge Graphs
L Siciliani, D Diefenbach, P Maret, P Basile… – … Conference of the Italian …, 2019 – Springer
… This method implies the use of the Lexicalized Tree Adjoining Grammar (LTAG) for syntactic representation and of Dependency-based Underspecified Discourse REpresentation Structures (DUDEs) for semantic representations …

Handling Modifiers in Question Answering over Knowledge Graphs
P Lops – AI* IA 2019–Advances in Artificial Intelligence: XVIIIth …, 2019 – books.google.com
… This method implies the use of the Lexicalized Tree Adjoin- ing Grammar (LTAG) for syntactic representation and of Dependency-based Underspecified Discourse REpresentation Structures (DUDEs) for semantic rep- resentations …

Decompositional Semantics for Events, Participants, and Scripts in Text
R Rudinger – 2019 – jscholarship.library.jhu.edu
Page 1. DECOMPOSITIONAL SEMANTICS FOR EVENTS, PARTICIPANTS, AND SCRIPTS IN TEXT by Rachel Rudinger A dissertation submitted to The Johns Hopkins University in conformity with the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy. Baltimore, Maryland …

RestKB: a library of commonsense knowledge about dining at a restaurant
D Inclezan – arXiv preprint arXiv:1909.08239, 2019 – arxiv.org
… Figure 2: Output from state-of-the-art NLP tools for the text in Example 1 is done via an intermediary step that constructs a so called Discourse Representation Structure (DRS) [23]. Due to space limitations, we skip this step here (see [26, 22] for details) …

Controlled Natural Languages and their Modelling of Social Networks Data Policies
IK TANOLI, M PETROCCHI, R DE NICOLA – Natural Language Engineering – iit.cnr.it
… DCGs are equipped with certain structures that convert declarative and interrogative sentences into first-order logic. Once the discourse representation structure is created only then can anaphoric references be resolved. ACE …

Extracting RDF Triples from Raw Text
YA Akter, MA Rahman – 2019 1st International Conference on …, 2019 – ieeexplore.ieee.org
… et al. [4] and KnowledgeStore by Cattoni et al. [5]. The former also incorporated Wikifier and used deep semantic analysis and discourse representation structures to obtain relations between the entities recognized. The latter …

Treebank Semantics
A Butler – 2019 – compling.jp
… During this stage, information about the allocation of accessible discourse referents is established to deliver Discourse Representation Structures (Kamp and Reyle 1993). Such output analysis makes explicit connective, predicate, argument and operator-binding informa tion …

16 Propositional attitudes
E Swanson – Noun Phrases and Verb Phrases – degruyter.com
… that goes beyond what sets of possible worlds are able to reveal” as representers of context.“Contextual structure”(Kamp 1998: 165) cannot be represented with a set of possible worlds, according to Kamp; a (highly structured) Discourse Representation Structure or DRS …

Learning Multilingual Semantic Parsers for Question Answering over Linked Data. A comparison of neural and probabilistic graphical model architectures
S Hakimov – 2019 – pub.uni-bielefeld.de
… Neural Network CCG Combinatory Categorial Grammar CG Categorial Grammar CRF Conditional Random Fields CNN Convolutional Neural Network DG Dependency Grammar DUDES Dependency-based Underspecified Discourse Representation Structures EL Entity …

Extracting fictional truth from unreliable sources
E Maier, M Semeijn – philarchive.org
… Discourse Representation Theory (DRT) is a dynamic approach to meaning de- veloped by Kamp (1981) that models how a (multi-sentence) discourse updates a context, as represented by a so-called Discourse Representation Structure (DRS) …

Word Reordering for Translation into Korean Sign Language Using Syntactically-guided Classification
HY Jung, JH Lee, E Min, SH Na – ACM Transactions on Asian and Low …, 2019 – dl.acm.org
… domain. For British Sign Language (BSL), Marshall and Sáfár [33] applied a transfer approach using head-driven phrase-structure grammar and discourse representation structures for English-to-BSL translation. According to …

EMIL: Extracting Meaning from Inconsistent Language: Towards argumentation using a controlled natural language interface
H Strass, A Wyner, M Diller – International Journal of Approximate …, 2019 – Elsevier
JavaScript is disabled on your browser. Please enable JavaScript to use all the features on this page. Skip to main content Skip to article …

Test case generation, selection and coverage from natural language
S Nogueira, H Araujo, R Araujo, J Iyoda… – Science of Computer …, 2019 – Elsevier
JavaScript is disabled on your browser. Please enable JavaScript to use all the features on this page. Skip to main content Skip to article …

A linguistic analysis of discursive strategies in the harambee prosperity plan (HPP) policy document
M Kalimbo – 2019 – repository.unam.edu.na
… CMP Conceptual Metaphor Theory DRS Discourse Representation Structure ECN Electoral Commission of Namibia … Therefore, this is the capacity to encode the information expressed by the Discourse Representation Structure (DRS) (Guenthner, 1987, p. 586) …

13 Semantic research in computational linguistics
M Pinkal, A Koller – Semantics-Typology, Diachrony and …, 2019 – books.google.com
Page 372. Manfred Pinkal and Alexander Koller 13 Semantic research in computational linguistics 1 Introduction 366 2 Computational semantics in the logical framework368 3 Statistical methods in computational semantics …

A historical review to the end of the twentieth century
K Allan – Argumentum, 2019 – argumentum.unideb.hu
Page 1. Keith Allan: Semantics and Pragmatics Argumentum 15 (2019), 81-116 Debreceni Egyetemi Kiadó 81 Keith Allan Semantics and Pragmatics: A historical review to the end of the twentieth century Abstract Semantics …

Introduction to artificial intelligence
PC Jackson – 2019 – books.google.com
Page 1. |ºtroduction to Artificial Intelligence | | | | | E. D. CN *” Cºckson, Jr. Page 2. Page 3. Introduction to Artificial Intelligence THIRD EDITION Philip C. Jackson, Jr. Dover Publications, Inc. Mineola, New York Page 4. Copyright …

Automated Mining and Checking of Formal Properties in Natural Language Requirements
X Pi, J Shi, Y Huang, H Wei – International Conference on Knowledge …, 2019 – Springer
… manner [12]. This approach failed to cope with temporal properties of NLR. The author of [10] dealt with the translation of the natural language to temporal logic through discourse representation structure. The translation work …

Disarming Context Dependence: A Formal Inquiry into Indexicalism and Truth-Conditional Pragmatics
S Petersson – 2019 – gupea.ub.gu.se
Page 1. Disarming Context Dependence Page 2. Page 3. acta philosophica gothoburgensia 36 Disarming Context Dependence A Formal Inquiry into Indexicalism and Truth-Conditional Pragmatics Stellan Petersson Page 4 …

Knowledge extraction from simplified natural language text
H Abdelaal – corpus, 2019 – aran.library.nuigalway.ie
Page 1. Provided by the author(s) and NUI Galway in accordance with publisher policies. Please cite the published version when available. Downloaded 2020-06-11T17:41:08Z Some rights reserved. For more information, please see the item record link above …

NegBERT: A Transfer Learning Approach for Negation Detection and Scope Resolution
A Khandelwal, S Sawant – arXiv preprint arXiv:1911.04211, 2019 – arxiv.org
Page 1. NegBERT: A Transfer Learning Approach for Negation Detection and Scope Resolution Aditya Khandelwal, Suraj Sawant College of Engineering Pune khandelwalar16.comp@coep.ac.in, sts.comp@coep.ac.in Abstract …

CLaRO: a Data-driven CNL for Specifying Competency Questions
CM Keet, Z Mahlaza, MJ Antia – arXiv preprint arXiv:1907.07378, 2019 – arxiv.org
Page 1. CLaRO: a Data-driven CNL for Specifying Competency Questions C. Maria Keet, Zola Mahlaza, and Mary-Jane Antia Department of Computer Science, University of Cape Town, South Africa {mkeet,zmahlaza,mjantia}@cs.uct.ac.za Abstract …

Towards Building Knowledge Graphs from Natural Language Text with Open Relation Extraction and Semantic Disambiguation
DVK Johnsen – 2019 – bora.uib.no
… There have been several KG extraction from natural language systems developed within the paradigms of Frame Semantics, or Discourse Represen- tation Theory (a framework that can represent natural language in Discourse Representation Structures (DRSs), a First Order …

Visual to text: Survey of image and video captioning
S Li, Z Tao, K Li, Y Fu – IEEE Transactions on Emerging Topics …, 2019 – ieeexplore.ieee.org
Page 1. This article has been accepted for inclusion in a future issue of this journal. Content is final as presented, with the exception of pagination. IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON EMERGING TOPICS IN COMPUTATIONAL INTELLIGENCE 1 …

Synthesizing N-ary relations from web tables
O Lehmberg, C Bizer – Proceedings of the 9th International Conference …, 2019 – dl.acm.org
Page 1. Synthesizing N-ary Relations from Web Tables Oliver Lehmberg Data and Web Science Group, Universität Mannheim Mannheim, Germany oli@informatik.uni- mannheim.de Christian Bizer Data and Web Science Group …

Unsupervised Statistical Text Simplification
J Qiang, X Wu – IEEE Transactions on Knowledge and Data …, 2019 – ieeexplore.ieee.org
… PBMT-R is a phrase-based method with a reranking post-processing step [19]. Hybrid performs sen- tence splitting and deletion operations based on discourse representation structures and then simplifies sentences with PBMT-R [10] …

Varieties of Distributivity: From Mandarin Dou to Plurality, Free Choice and Scalarity
Z Zhao – 2019 – eprints.illc.uva.nl
Page 1. Varieties of Distributivity: From Mandarin Dou to Plurality, Free Choice and Scalarity MSc Thesis (Afstudeerscriptie) written by Zhuoye Zhao (born October 20th, 1995 in Zhejiang, China) under the supervision of Dr. Maria …

Disarming Context Dependence
S Petersson – Perspectives, 2019 – researchgate.net
Page 1. Disarming Context Dependence Page 2. Page 3. acta philosophica gothoburgensia 36 Disarming Context Dependence A Formal Inquiry into Indexicalism and Truth-Conditional Pragmatics Stellan Petersson Page 4 …

Identifying signs of syntactic complexity for rule-based sentence simplification
R Evans, C Or?san – Natural Language Engineering, 2019 – cambridge.org
… through the integration of deep semantic information. This is derived from Boxer (Bos 2008), a tool which provides information on the discourse representation structure of input sentences. Semantic information from this parser is …

LOD Construction Through Supervised Web Relation Extraction and Crowd Validation
G Rumin, I Mekterovi? – Journal of Web Engineering, 2019 – riverpublishers.com
… text to RDF and internally connected OWL ontologies. FRED uses a tool called Boxer to parse free text into Discourse Representation Structures from which a RDF graph is built. FRED creates ontology from text and each part …

Comprehension and production of referential expressions in German Sign Language and Turkish Sign Language: An empirical approach
D Nuhbalaoglu – 2019 – ediss.uni-goettingen.de
Page 1. Comprehension and production of referential expressions in German Sign Language and Turkish Sign Language: An empirical approach Dissertation zur Erlangung des philosophischen Doktorgrades an der Philosophischen …

ReviewBot: Augmenting Prediction of Hotel Reviews with a Recommendation System
R Tariyal – 2019 – damiantgordon.com
Page 1. ReviewBot: Augmenting Prediction of Hotel Reviews with a Recommendation System Rishabh Tariyal A dissertation submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements of Dublin Institute of Technology for the degree of M.Sc …

A Systematic Approach for Automatically Answering General-Purpose Objective and Subjective Questions
LP Acharya – 2019 – repository.lib.fit.edu
… universal syntactic dependency representations to a language-independent logical form based on Dependency-based Underspecified Discourse Representation Structures (DUDES)[11] that are then mapped to a SPARQL query as a deterministic step. SPARQL …

A computational grammar for Portuguese
BC Claro – 2019 – bibliotecadigital.fgv.br
Page 1. Bruno Cuconato Claro A computational grammar for Portuguese Rio de Janeiro 2019 Page 2. Page 3. Bruno Cuconato Claro A computational grammar for Portuguese Dissertação submetida à Escola de Matemática …

The Oxford Handbook of Experimental Semantics and Pragmatics
C Cummins, N Katsos – 2019 – books.google.com
… Construal Level Theory (Trope & Liberman ????) Cooperative Principle (Grice, ???? Deutscher Akademischer Austauschdienst downward entailing Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft Determiner Phrase Discourse Representation Structure (Kamp, ???? Discourse …

Boosting Document Retrieval with Knowledge Extraction and Linked Data
M Rospocher, F Corcoglioniti, M Dragoni – Semantic Web, 2019 – content.iospress.com
… Among them: FRED [11], a tool that extracts Discourse Representation Structures, mapping them to linguistic frames in VerbNet4 and FrameNet,5 which in turn are transformed in RDF/OWL via Ontology Design Patterns;6 NewsReader [40], a comprehensive processing pipeline …

Desire, Imagination, and the Many-Layered Mind
KH Blumberg – 2019 – search.proquest.com
Page 1. Desire, Imagination, and the Many-Layered Mind by Kyle Blumberg A dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy Department of Philosophy New York University May, 2019 Cian Dorr Page 2 …

Generating Personalized Hospital-Stay Summaries for Patients
S Acharya – 2019 – search.proquest.com
… CHV Consumer Health Vocabulary CUI Concept Unique Identifier DRS Discourse Representation Structure EHR Electronic Health Record EM Expectation Maximization HANDS Hands-on Automated Nursing Data System LR Linear Regression …