Notes:
A concordancer is a tool that is used to analyze large collections of text and identify patterns and trends within the text. It is typically used in the field of natural language processing (NLP), and it is a valuable tool for tasks such as question answering and other applications that involve analyzing and understanding large amounts of text.
In the context of question answering, a concordancer can be used to quickly and efficiently search through a large collection of text, such as a corpus of documents or a database of answers, to identify relevant answers to a particular question. It can be used to search for specific words or phrases, or to identify patterns and trends within the text that may be relevant to the question.
A concordancer is a valuable tool for question answering because it allows NLP algorithms and other question answering systems to quickly and efficiently search through large collections of text to find relevant answers to a particular question. By using a concordancer, question answering systems can provide more accurate and relevant answers to user queries, and they can do so more quickly and efficiently than would be possible using other methods.
Overall, a concordancer is a useful tool for question answering and other applications that involve analyzing and understanding large amounts of text. It allows NLP algorithms and other systems to quickly and efficiently search through large collections of text to find relevant answers to user queries, and it can help to improve the performance and accuracy of question answering systems.
- Concordancer
- Concordancers
- Concordances
- Concordancing
Resources:
- cintil.ul.pt .. freely available online concordancing service to support research
- corpus-analysis.com .. list of tools used in corpus analysis
- lextutor.ca .. for data-driven language learning on the web
- nooj4nlp.net .. linguistic development environment
Wikipedia:
References:
- A natural language interface of thorough coverage by concordance with knowledge bases (2010)
See also:
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M Spies – Scientific Publications of the State University of Novi …, 2015 – scindeks.ceon.rs
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I Zerouala, A Lakhouajaa – Procedia Computer Science, 2018 – researchgate.net
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A Bramantoro – … ICACC), 2015 First International Conference on, 2015 – ieeexplore.ieee.org
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X Ren, M Jiang, J Shang, J Han – Proceedings of the 2017 ACM …, 2017 – dl.acm.org
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… It is already being used by some clinicians to provide “a natural language interface for the … to present logical treatment options is, at this point, indisputable given high concordance rates … Das, A Survey on Question Answering System (Course Materials for Roll No: 123050068) …
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I El Maarouf, G Marsic, C Orasan – … Advances in Natural Language …, 2015 – aclweb.org
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W Li – Proceedings of The Fifth Northeast Asia International …, 2016 – biblio.ugent.be
… According to concordance, the referees of those referring expressions include: research … algorithm, an approach, or a method), research areas (Natural, Language Processing, Chinese … discusses the key problems of different kinds of Question-Answering system, then describes …
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C Mota, P Carvalho, F Raposo, A Barreiro – International NooJ Conference, 2015 – Springer
… STRING, a hybrid statistical and rule-based pipeline for natural language processing of … in two other application scenarios: (i) in a question-answering system to increase … part of speech annotation, pattern recognition, semantic unit analysis, concordances, information extraction …
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… Gloss 2003 year in 7% with- fall a- proportion Table 3 – Concordances of percent symbol By further analyzing the patterns of the concordance of ?????? (with-an-increase) we were … Abu-Salem, H. Lyitnen, S. and Evans, M. (2002) ‘QARAB: A Question Answering System to Support …
LEXIK. An Integrated System for Specialized Terminology
G Sierra, J Lázaro, G Bel-Enguix – Mexican International Conference on …, 2016 – Springer
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Crime profiling for the Arabic language using computational linguistic techniques
M Alruily, A Ayesh, H Zedan – Information Processing & Management, 2014 – Elsevier
… Three types of analysis (frequency, collocation and concordance) were conducted on huge corpora to identify the most important keywords, to discover the most frequent words collocating with keywords, and to obtain the concordance of the keywords …
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SL Devi, S Lakshmi – … on South and Southeast Asian Natural Language …, 2013 – aclweb.org
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Description Logics based Formalization of Wh-Queries
S Dasgupta, R KaPatel, A Padia, K Shah – arXiv preprint arXiv:1312.6948, 2013 – arxiv.org
… In [16] a nested CG (Conceptual Graph) language for formal representations of natural language queries has been proposed … START [20] was the first online question-answering system which uses statistical NLP techniques and lexico-syntactic pattern matching …
Tracking politics with POWER
S Moreira, DS Batista, P Carvalho, FM Couto… – Program, 2013 – emeraldinsight.com
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Language processing with Perl and Prolog
PM Nugues – 2016 – Springer
… This book corresponds to a course in natural language processing offered at Lund University … Lund, Sweden Pierre Nugues April 2014 vii Page 9. Page 10. Preface In the past 20 years, natural language processing and computational linguistics have considerably matured …
Construction and Application of the Chinese Function Word Usage Knowledge Base
Z Kunli, Z Hongying, C Yumei, H Yingjie, Z Dan – ijklp.org
… usage dictionary, it will not only leave certain effect on machine translation, information extraction, question answering system, and other areas of the natural language processing, but … to improve the quality of CFKB, making sure the three parts of CFKB are in concordance …
Generating Paraphrases of Human Intransitive Adjective Constructions with Port4NooJ
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… a hybrid statisti- cal and rule-based pipeline for natural language processing of … explored in two other application scenarios:(i) in a question-answering system to increase … part of speech annotation, pattern recognition, semantic unit analysis, concordances, information extraction …
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NHF Beebe – 2018 – tug.ctan.org
… Concept-Based [EMG11, Owe02]. Concepts [BF98, CL03, FG04]. Conceptual [Gul96, ISW92, PBF+89, RR98]. concerns [WH09]. Concordances [BKR97]. Conference [Cro89b]. Confidence [Web13, WKF+12]. Congestions [WZC+17]. Considerations [KBD89] …
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Maestro en Ciencias de la Computación
JAA Gutiérrez – 2016 – gelbukh.com
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K Ouda – M. Sc. project report at University of Leeds, available …, 2015 – minerva.leeds.ac.uk
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JA Alvarado Gutiérrez – tesis.ipn.mx
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QuranAnalysis: A Semantic Search and Intelligence System for the Quran
K Ouda – 2015 – researchgate.net
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L Boytsov, D Novak, Y Malkov, E Nyberg – Proceedings of the 25th ACM …, 2016 – dl.acm.org
… This way of organizing text data traces back to paper book indices containing alphabetical lists of principal words. In particular, it was used in a 13th century Bible concordance, long before the computer era [22]. Modern retrieval systems answer queries in a pipeline fashion …
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D Sarkar – Text Analytics with Python, 2016 – Springer
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S Alanazi – 2017 – eprints.staffs.ac.uk
… Sundheim, 1996). NER is essential for many natural language processing applications such as question answering, machine translation and information retrieval. Question answering systems usually provide an answer to questions …
CoType: Joint extraction of typed entities and relations with knowledge bases
X Ren, Z Wu, W He, M Qu, CR Voss, H Ji… – Proceedings of the 26th …, 2017 – dl.acm.org
… used in many ways, eg, as primitives in information extraction, knowledge base popula- tion [10, 52], and question-answering systems [48, 3 … guidance, it partitions sentences into segments of entity mentions and words, by incorporating (1) corpus-level concordance statistics; (2 …
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YJ Han, SB Park, SY Park – Computational intelligence and …, 2016 – dl.acm.org
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PCF Cardoso, TAS Pardo, M Taboada – Corpora, 2017 – euppublishing.com
… This task is useful for many important applications in Natural Language Processing (NLP), such as automatic summarisation, question answering, and information retrieval and extraction … Oh et al. (2007) suggest that a question answering system, which aims to answer a …
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A radically data-driven Construction Grammar: Experiments with Dutch causative constructions
N Levshina, K Heylen… – Extending the scope of …, 2014 – books.google.com
… SVSs were first developed during the so-called statistical turn in Natural Language Processing (NLP … inclusion in a thesaurus, or possible replacements in a search query to a Question Answering system … discussion of the results we will limit ourselves to the concordance index C …
Minimally-supervised extraction of domain-specific part–whole relations using Wikipedia as knowledge-base
A Ittoo, G Bouma – Data & Knowledge Engineering, 2013 – Elsevier
… 2.1. Semantic relations. Semantic relations are the primary building blocks of many Natural Language Processing (NLP) applications, such as ontology learning/building [15] and question–answering systems [14,16]. Different …
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D Sarkar – 2016 – books.google.com
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A Gelbukh – 2013 – books.google.com
… networks and microblogging 4 13 31 Natural language generation 3 11 27 Coreference resolution 3 9 33 Natural language interfaces 3 8 38 … 343 Els Lefever, Véronique Hoste, and Martine De Cock Analyzing the Sense Distribution of Concordances Obtained by Web as Corpus …
Document complémentaires (Annexe 4)
C Cirad – 2013 – Citeseer
… articleinfo Keywords: Automatic titling Nominalization Natural language processing abstract … NLP (Natural Language Pro- cessing) methods have to be used since a title has to be a well formed word group, indicating the treated subject …
Constructing a poor man’s wordnet in a resource-rich world
D Fišer, B Sagot – Language Resources and Evaluation, 2015 – Springer
… In the past decade, the role of lexical knowledge has increased in many areas of natural language processing as it has … An improvement in a question-answering system that takes advantage of dependencies between words in a lexico-semantic network has been achieved by …
Text Analytics with Python
D Sarkar – Springer
… 39 Accessing Text Corpora ….. 40 Natural Language Processing ….. 46 … 47 Question Answering Systems ….. 47 …
Narrowing the gap between termbases and corpora in commercial environments
K Warburton – LREC, 2014 – researchgate.net
… We then reveal features in the termbases that depart from established norms. Using a batch concordance technique, we quantify the gap between the termbase terms and the corpora … users’ blog about how to resolve problems encountered during batch concordances. His …
DEZAMBIGUIZACJA ANGIELSKICH CZASOWNIKÓW OPEN i SEND W RAMACH UJ?CIA ZORIENTOWANEGO OBIEKTOWO
A Drzazga – sbc.org.pl
… languages developed into a scientific discipline which focuses on understanding how to represent and process a natural language using computers. Page 5. 5 … One of the key assumptions of the MTT is that a natural language is considered as a …
A Corpus Driven Computational Intelligence Framework for Deception Detection in Financial Text
SZ Minhas – 2016 – dspace.stir.ac.uk
… 81 3.6 Collocations and Concordance ….. 89 … nf: non-fraud MDS: Multidimensional scaling (equivalent to MDA) MDA: Multidimensional analysis NLP: Natural Language Processing NLTK: Natural Language Processing Toolkit …
Experiments in Information Retrieval
KCÓ Kane – pdfs.semanticscholar.org
… 153 Program 51 Hierarchical MeSH concordance…..155 Program 52 … 2. Another type of DR systems are fact based question answering systems … domains of knowledge based on queries usually expressed in natural language …
Means of a Figuratively Semantic Support in Solving the Project Tasks
P Sosnin, M Galochkin, A Lucenaks – UDC 681.518 (04) …, 2015 – researchgate.net
… ru Abstract. The task of data extraction is often used for text mining, content analysis, opinion mining and sentiment analysis. This paper conciders a project in the field of data extraction from plain texts in natural language (the Russian language) …
A closed-domain question answering framework using reliable resources to assist students
C DER?C?, Y AYDIN, Ç YEN?ALACA… – Natural Language …, 2018 – cambridge.org
… A given question is processed using a pipeline of natural language modules … 3 System architecture The overall pipeline of the Haz?rCevap system was designed in concordance with the DeepQA technology, introduced in IBM Watson (Ferrucci 2012) …
Information retrieval: Implementing and evaluating search engines
S Büttcher, CLA Clarke, GV Cormack – 2016 – books.google.com
… 137 5.1.1 Document-at-a-Time Query Processing 139 5.1.2 Term-at-a-Time Query Processing 145 5.1.3 Precomputing Score Contributions 151 5.1.4 Impact Ordering 153 5.1.5 Static Index Pruning 153 Lightweight Structure 160 5.2.1 Generalized Concordance Lists 160 5.2.2 …
Knowledge graph construction for research literatures
A Oldoni – 2016 – raw.githubusercontent.com
… The amount of lat- ent information in documents in non-structured format or natural language texts is known to be very large, and this is motivation for the development of methods that are able to bring this information into a structured format that can be computationally useful …
Cognitive Computing: Where Big Data Is Driving Us
AP Appel, H Candello, FL Gandour – Handbook of Big Data Technologies, 2017 – Springer
… Also, much of human communication, whether it is in natural-language text, speech, or images, is unstructured … We consider that the strategies presented in [20] and the approaches to combining qualitative and quantitative research highlighted in [13] are in concordance …
A review and future perspectives of arabic question answering systems
SK Ray, K Shaalan – IEEE Transactions on Knowledge and …, 2016 – ieeexplore.ieee.org
… 2 HISTORY OF DEVELOPMENTS IN ARABIC QUESTION ANSWERING SYSTEMS This section provides a brief description of Arabic QASs designed and developed … was unique in the sense that it was the first Arabic QAS to use sophisticated Natural Language Proc- essing …
Say Something Smart-Ensinando um chatbot a responder com base em legendas de filmes
DLS Ameixa – 2013 – inesc-id.pt
… viii Page 19. Acronyms NLU Natural Language Understanding SSS Say Something Smart … (Section 2.5). To understand how OOD interactions are addressed in some of these systems it is important to explain how Natural Language Understanding (NLU) modules of those …
Role of temporal inference in the recognition of textual inference
D Bouneffouf – arXiv preprint arXiv:1302.5645, 2013 – arxiv.org
… Keyword: Natural language processing, recognizing of textual entailment, temporal inference, question answering system, Information Retrieval. Page 3. Rôle de l’inférence temporel dans la reconnaissance de l’inférence textuelle 3 Table des matières …
A survey of arabic named entity recognition and classification
K Shaalan – Computational Linguistics, 2014 – MIT Press
… Moreover, Question Answering systems could benefit substantially from NER, because the answer to many factoid questions involve NEs (Trigui et al … 2009). Machine Translation. This is the task of automatically translating a text from one natural language into another …
Distributional Semantic Models of Attribute Meaning in Adjectives and Nouns
M Hartung – 2015 – pub.uni-bielefeld.de
… 11 1.1 Life Cycle of Knowledge in Natural Language Processing … In natural language, formal attributes find their counterpart in attribute nouns which can be used in order to generalize over individual properties (eg, big or small in case of size, blue or red in case of color) …
Automatic syntactic analysis for real-world applications
V Ková? – 2014 – is.muni.cz
… In some cases, it is understood in the same way as information retrieval with the only difference being the fact that the input is a question in natural language, rather than a query con- taining keywords. Also, most of the current question answering systems are based on this …
Automatic annotation of similes in literary texts
SPMN Seh – 2016 – tel.archives-ouvertes.fr
… rapidly increasing number of digitised texts and the advances in natural language processing, it became possible to compare larger sets of texts on different linguistic levels … concordance lists and to count the occurrences of various linguistic units (Hockey, 1994) …
Semantic search-systems, concepts, methods and the communities behind it
T Tran, P Mika – 2013 – sites.google.com
… Solutions that are widely used especially on the Web are based on keyword search or natural language (NL) interfaces … 4.2 NL Search Complete natural language questions and statements are a natural paradigm for users to express themselves fully in their own words …
Advances in Computational Intelligence: 15th Mexican International Conference on Artificial Intelligence, MICAI 2016, Cancún, Mexico, October 23–28, 2016 …
G Sidorov, O Herrera-Alcántara – 2017 – books.google.com
… Contents–Part I Natural Language Processing Best Student Paper Award, First Place: Relevance of Named Entities in Authorship Attribution … 53 Anastasia Mochalova and Vladimir Mochalov CookingQA: A Question Answering System Based on Cooking Ontology …
Learning semantic types and relations from text
D Hovy – 2013 – search.proquest.com
Learning semantic types and relations from text. Abstract. NLP applications such as Question Answering (QA), Information Extraction (IE), or Machine Translation (MT) are incorporating increasing amounts of semantic information …
Extrapolating subjectivity research to other languages
C Banea – 2013 – search.proquest.com
… Question answering. Question answering systems are used to provide an answer to a natural language question. They should be able to distinguish between a users desire to obtain factual or. 2http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/snake. 11. (2) …
Predicting text quality: metrics for content, organization and reader interest
AP Louis – 2013 – search.proquest.com
… 14. 4. Word choice: Precise, vivid, natural language enhances the message and paints a clear picture in the readers mind.- The writers meaning is clear thoughout the piece.- Phrasing is originaleven memorableyet the language is never overdone.- Lively verbs lend the writing …