In recommender systems, what are the mechanisms that result in recommendations?
According to the Wikipedia entry on Recommender system, there are three main approaches, including:
- Collaborative filtering
 - Content-based filtering
 - Hybrid recommender systems
 
Hybrid recommender systems combine multiple techniques to achieve synergy, such as:
- Weighted: The score of different recommendation components are combined numerically.
 - Switching: The system chooses among recommendation components and applies the selected one.
 - Mixed: Recommendations from different recommenders are presented together.
 - Feature Combination: Features derived from different knowledge sources are combined together and given to a single recommendation algorithm.
 - Feature Augmentation: One recommendation technique is used to compute a feature or set of features, which is then part of the input to the next technique.
 - Cascade: Recommenders are given strict priority, with the lower priority ones breaking ties in the scoring of the higher ones.
 - Meta-level: One recommendation technique is applied and produces some sort of model, which is then the input used by the next technique.
 
References:
See also my quick and dirty webpages: