Betty’s Brain Teachable Agent

Notes:

Betty’s Brain is a computer-based learning environment that helps students develop metacognitive skills and learn about science topics. It uses a graphical character called Betty that students can teach using a visual causal map representation, and provides students with tools for model building tasks. The system has been shown to be effective in helping students develop more accurate concept maps and improve their self-regulation skills. It can also promote intrinsic motivation and has been used to study the tutor learning effect and the effects of reflective feedback on students’ self-regulated learning. The system has also been implemented in a simulation-based “game” environment and has been used in conjunction with a web-based reading annotation system to promote reading performance.

Resources:

Wikipedia:

References:

See also:

100 Best Intelligent Tutoring System Videos | Concept Mapping & Dialog Systems | Intelligent Tutoring Systems 2016 | Pedagogical Agent & Dialog Systems 2016 | Teachable Agent

From design to implementation to practice a learning by teaching system: Betty’s brain
G Biswas, JR Segedy, K Bunchongchit – International Journal of Artificial …, 2016 – Springer
This paper presents an overview of 10 years of research with the Betty’s Brain computer-based learning environment. We discuss the theoretical basis for Betty’s Brain and the learning-by-teaching paradigm. We also highlight our key research findings, and discuss …

Shallow strategy development in a teachable agent environment designed to support self-regulated learning
RD Roscoe, JR Segedy, B Sulcer, H Jeong… – Computers & …, 2013 – Elsevier
… It is unclear whether students’ usage might improve with time and practice. 1.1. Betty’s Brain: a feature-rich learning environment … 2.3. Betty’s Brain interface and features. In a tutorial session, Betty’s Brain features were introduced within a teaching narrative …

Smart open-ended learning environments that support learners cognitive and metacognitive processes
G Biswas, JR Segedy, JS Kinnebrew – Human-computer interaction and …, 2013 – Springer
… Betty’s Brain, a Smart Open-Ended Learning Environment, helps students develop metacognitive strategies through adaptive scaffolding as they work on challenging tasks related to building caus- al models of science processes …

Using a cognitive/metacognitive task model to analyze students learning behaviors
G Biswas, JS Kinnebrew, JR Segedy – International Conference on …, 2014 – Springer
… students as they use the system. We instantiate this task-driven analytics framework in the context of Betty’s Brain [9], an OELE in which students learn science by constructing causal models. A case study illustrates the benefits …

Analyzing Students’ Metacognitive Strategies in Open-Ended Learning Environments
G Biswas, J Kinnebrew… – Proceedings of the …, 2013 – cloudfront.escholarship.org
… Novices often lack metacognition and self-regulation skills that are important for effective learning. Betty’s Brain, an open-ended computer-based learning environment helps students practice and develop metacognitive strategies as they learn science topics …

Enhancing self-regulated learning through metacognitively-aware intelligent tutoring systems
B Goldberg, R Sottilare, I Roll, S Lajoie, E Poitras… – 2014 – repository.isls.org
… Case Study: Application to the Betty’s Brain OELE Betty’s Brain is an open-ended learning environment (Biswas, et al., 2005) that provides students with a learning context and a set of tools for pursuing authentic and complex model building tasks …

Computer-guided inquiry to improve science learning
MC Linn, L Gerard, K Ryoo, K McElhaney, OL Liu… – …, 2014 – science.sciencemag.org
… In addition, when using Betty’s Brain, students constructed more accurate concept maps (diagrams showing relations between concepts) when they received conceptual guidance than when they received explicit directions (15) …

Simulated Learners.
GI McCalla, J Champaign – IEEE Intelligent Systems, 2013 – computer.org
… The Betty’s Brain research project has exactly this aim: a human teacher instructs a “teachable agent.” 3 But, the human teacher is, in fact, actually a student, and the instruction is a pedagogical strategy called “reciprocal learning” meant to help the student learn through the act …

Partial verbal redundancy in multimedia presentations for writing strategy instruction
RD Roscoe, ME Jacovina, D Harry… – Applied Cognitive …, 2015 – Wiley Online Library
… Likewise, teachable agents systems, such as Betty’s Brain (eg, Segedy, Kinnebrew, & Biswas, 2013), and game-based systems, such as BiLAT (eg, Lane, Hays, Core, & Auerbach, 2013) and Crystal Island (eg, Rowe, Shores, Mott, & Lester, 2011), combine text and narration to …

A Model of Personalized Learning in Intelligent Tutoring Environment and Its Evaluation
J HAN, Q JIANG, W ZHAO, D LIU… – e-Education Research, 2016 – en.cnki.com.cn
… Taking Betty’s Brain system as an example, this study examined the personalized learning process using empirical studying method … Taking Betty’s Brain system as an example, this study examined the personalized learning process using empirical studying method …

A model-based behavior analysis approach for open-ended environments.
JR Segedy, G Biswas, B Sulcer – Journal of Educational Technology & …, 2014 – JSTOR
… adaptive scaffolds to students. An evaluation of the analysis technique is presented in the context of Betty’s Brain, an OELE designed to help middle school students learn about science content. Keywords Open-ended learning …

Mining and Identifying Relationships Among Sequential Patterns in Multi-Feature, Hierarchical Learning Activity Data
C Ye, J Kinnebrew, G Biswas – … Data Mining 2014, 2014 – pdfs.semanticscholar.org
… potential features. We apply this methodology to action data gathered from the Betty’s Brain learning environment. The results … data gathered during a middle school class study with the Betty’s Brain learning environment. These results …

An integrated computer system for teaching Psychology
JG Marqués, C Pelta – Psicología Educativa, 2017 – Elsevier
… Taking agent-based systems like MetaTutor (Azevedo, Witherspoon, Chauncey, Burkett, & Fike, 2009), Betty’s Brain (Davis, Leelawong, Belynne, & Bodenheimer, 2003) and REAL (Bai, Black, & Vitale, 2007) as a reference, it is a modular design system that introduces games …

Using Multi-Channel Data to Assess, Understand, and Support Metacognition with Advanced Learning Technologies
M Taub – 2017 – search.proquest.com
Page 1. ABSTRACT TAUB, MICHELLE. Using Multi-Channel Data to Assess, Understand, and Support Metacognition with Advanced Learning Technologies. (Under the direction of Roger Azevedo, Ph.D.). Overall, the goal of …

Concept maps and simulations in a computer system for learning Psychology
JG Marqués, C Pelta – European Journal of Education and Psychology, 2017 – Elsevier
… Taking as reference agent-based systems like MetaTutor (Azevedo, Witherspoon, Chauncey, Burkett, & Fike, 2009), Betty’s Brain (Davis et al., 2003) and REAL (Bai, Black & Vitale, 2007), it is a modular design system that introduces games and simulations inspired by Black’s …

AIED 2013 Workshops Proceedings Volume 10
A Weerasinghe, B du Boulay, G Biswas – Citeseer
… technologies. Examples include the Help Tutor [6], Betty’s Brain [7] and MetaTutor [2]. However, a lot remains to be known about the fashion in which educational technologies can support the acquisition of metacognitive and SRL skills …

Modelling the way: Using action sequence archetypes to differentiate learning pathways from learning outcomes.
KHR Ng, K Hartman, K Liu, AWH Khong – EDM, 2016 – pdfs.semanticscholar.org
… Recently, Ye et at. used a hierarchical variant of SPAM to analyze data collected from Betty’s Brain OELE [11]. The analysis illustrates the importance of using temporal relationships between user activities to make predictions about future learning behaviors [11] …

How do students’ learning behaviors evolve in Scaffolded Open-Ended Learning Environments?
G BISWAS, JS KINNEBREW… – Proceedings of the 21st …, 2013 – dev.teachableagents.org
… Betty’s Brain, an open-ended computer-based learning environment, helps students develop metacog- nitive strategies as they learn science topics. In order to better understand and improve the effect of adaptive scaffolding …

The effect of contextualized conversational feedback in a complex open-ended learning environment
JR Segedy, JS Kinnebrew, G Biswas – Educational Technology Research …, 2013 – Springer
Betty’s Brain is an open-ended learning environment in which students learn about science topics by teaching a virtual agent named Betty through the construction of a visual causal map that represents … Betty’s Brain. The Betty’s Brain learning environment, shown in Fig …

Evaluation of a meta-tutor for constructing models of dynamic systems
L Zhang, K VanLehn, S Girard, W Burleson… – Computers & …, 2014 – Elsevier
… Betty’s Brain (Leelawong & Biswas, 2008) was a step-based tutoring system for constructing models that also taught a learning strategy … The Betty’s Brain experiments all had two phases, called the training phase and the transfer phase here …

Metacognitive Tutoring for Scientific Modeling.
DA Joyner, AK Goel, DM Majerich – AIED Workshops, 2013 – davidjoyner.net
… Betty’s Brain can teach students metacog- nitive skills by having them request that Betty engage in those skills herself [11]. These projects have shown the success of tutoring interventions based on developing metacognitive skills …

Modeling Learners’ Cognitive and Affective States to Scaffold SRL in Open-Ended Learning Environments
A Munshi, R Rajendran, J Ocumpaugh… – Proceedings of the 26th …, 2018 – dl.acm.org
… This paper studies sixth grade students’ SRL processes as they work in Betty’s Brain, an agent-based open-ended learning environment (OELE). In this environment, students learn science topics by building causal models …

Mining temporally-interesting learning behavior patterns
J Kinnebrew, D Mack, G Biswas – … Data Mining 2013, 2013 – pdfs.semanticscholar.org
… We demonstrate the utility of this tech- nique through application to student activity data from a recent experiment with the Betty’s Brain learning environ- ment and a comparison of our algorithm’s pattern rankings with those of an expert …

Automated, adaptive guidance for K-12 education
L Gerard, C Matuk, K McElhaney, MC Linn – Educational Research Review, 2015 – Elsevier
… are developing and investigating automated guidance tools across K-12 domains such as Language Arts (eg Summary Street, Wade-Stein & Kintsch, 2004), Algebra and Geometry (eg Cognitive Tutors, Koedinger & Aleven, 2007) and Science (eg Betty’s Brain, Leelawong & …

An extended learner modeling method to assess students’ learning behaviors
Y Dong, Y Giswas – Proceedings of the 10th International …, 2017 – dev.teachableagents.org
… We use a HMM representation to model students’ learning beha- viors and demonstrate the effectiveness of our approach by running a case study on data collected from 98 students, who worked with the Betty’s Brain system for four days …

Model-driven assessment of learners in open-ended learning environments
JR Segedy, KM Loretz, G Biswas – Proceedings of the Third International …, 2013 – dl.acm.org
… The model provides a means for both classi- fying and assessing students’ learning behaviors while using the system. An evaluation of the analysis technique is pre- sented in the context of Betty’s Brain, an OELE designed to help middle school students learn about science …

Guided skill practice as an adaptive scaffolding strategy in open-ended learning environments
JR Segedy, G Biswas, EF Blackstock… – … Conference on Artificial …, 2013 – Springer
… For example, Segedy, Kinnebrew, & Biswas [10] analyzed video Page 3. 534 JR Segedy et al. data from students using Betty’s Brain, finding that 77% of the suggestions and asser- tions delivered by the system were ignored by students …

Data Collection in Open Ended Learning Environment for Learning Analytics
M TSCHOLL, R RAJENDRAN, BS Gautam BISWASa – dev.teachableagents.org
… 2002). Examples of OELE are MetaTutor (Azevedo et al., 2012), Betty’s Brain (Leelawong and Biswas, 2008), and Crystal Island (Jonathan et al., 2011) … Leelawong, Krittaya, and Gautam Biswas. “Designing learning by teaching agents: The Betty’s Brain system …

Analyzing the temporal evolution of students’ behaviors in open-ended learning environments
JS Kinnebrew, JR Segedy, G Biswas – Metacognition and learning, 2014 – Springer
… Betty’s Brain, an open-ended computer-based learning environment, helps students practice their cognitive skills and develop related metacognitive strategies as they learn science topics … An overview of the Betty’s Brain learning environment …

Modeling Learners’ Metacognitive Skills in Open Ended Learning Environments
R RAJENDRAN, G BISWAS – dev.teachableagents.org
… Examples of such OELE used for education are MetaTutor (Azevedo et al., 2012), Betty’s Brain (Leelawong and Biswas, 2008), and Crystal Island (Jonathan et al., 2011) … 2. Background In this section, we describe Betty’s Brain OELE and metacognition. 2.1 Betty’s Brain OELE …

Problem-based learning supported by semantic techniques
E Lozano, J Gracia, O Corcho, RA Noble… – Interactive Learning …, 2015 – Taylor & Francis
Skip to Main Content …

A Differential Temporal Interestingness Measure for Identifying the Learning Behavior Effects of Scaffolding.
JS Kinnebrew, DLC Mack, G Biswas – AIED Workshops, 2013 – Citeseer
… over time. We demonstrate the utility of this technique through applica- tion to student activity data from a recent experiment with the Betty’s Brain learning environment and four different scaffolding conditions. Keywords: learning …

Learning Behavior Characterization with Multi-Feature, Hierarchical Activity Sequences.
C Ye, JR Segedy, JS Kinnebrew, G Biswas – International Educational Data …, 2015 – ERIC
… activity sequences. In this paper, we employ a differential version of MFH-SPAM to extract a small set of patterns that best differentiate stu- dents with different learning behavior profiles in the Betty’s Brain system. Our results …

Coherence over time: understanding day-to-day changes in students’ open-ended problem solving behaviors
JR Segedy, JS Kinnebrew, G Biswas – International Conference on …, 2015 – Springer
… In this paper, we employ coherence analysis, a recently-developed ap- proach to analyzing students’ problem solving behaviors in OELEs, to study how student behaviors change over time as they use an OELE called Betty’s Brain …

Designing automated guidance for concept diagrams in inquiry instruction
K Ryoo, MC Linn – Journal of Research in Science Teaching, 2016 – Wiley Online Library
… For instance, Tan, Biswas, and Schwartz (2006) investigated the effects of reflective feedback introducing various self-regulated learning strategies, compared to corrective feedback, on fifth-grade students’ self-regulated learning using Betty’s Brain, a teachable agent learning …

A differential approach for identifying important student learning behavior patterns with evolving usage over time
JS Kinnebrew, DLC Mack, G Biswas… – Pacific-Asia conference on …, 2014 – Springer
… We demonstrate the utility of this technique through application to student learning activity data from a recent experiment with the Betty’s Brain learning environment and four different feedback and learning scaffolding conditions. Keywords … 4 Betty’s Brain Data …

Integrating model-driven and data-driven techniques for analyzing learning behaviors in open-ended learning environments
JS Kinnebrew, JR Segedy… – IEEE Transactions on …, 2017 – ieeexplore.ieee.org
… model. We apply this combined model- and data-driven analysis framework to Betty’s Brain [22], an OELE where students learn science by constructing causal models … 5 APPLYING THE FRAMEWORK TO BETTY’S BRAIN The …

A Differential Approach for Identifying Important Student Learning Behavior Patterns with Evolving Usage over Time
CK Chang – Trends and Applications in Knowledge Discovery …, 2014 – books.google.com
… We demonstrate the utility of this technique through application to student learning activity data from a recent exper- iment with the Betty’s Brain learning environment and four different feedback and learning scaffolding conditions …

A comparit ive st udy on int elligentt ut oring system fostering self regulated learning
A Lekshmi, PRS Nair – Proceedings of BIOSR Journal of … – pdfs.semanticscholar.org
… Few examples suggest that improving metacognitive and SRL skills can be done using educational technologies. Examples include the AutoTutor, ML Tutor,TRAC,Betty’s Brain and Metatutor.This survey reveals the various data mining techniques used by these Tutors …

A contextualized, differential sequence mining method to derive students’ learning behavior patterns
JS Kinnebrew, KM Loretz… – JEDM| Journal …, 2013 – jedm.educationaldatamining.org
… 2000; Zimmerman 2001]. In developing a computer-based learning environment (CBLE) called Betty’s Brain, we adopt the framework for self-regulated learning (SRL), which originated from the social constructive theory of learning proposed by Bandura [1997] …

The effects of physical form and embodied action in a teachable robot for geometry learning
E Walker, V Girotto, Y Kim… – … (ICALT), 2016 IEEE 16th …, 2016 – ieeexplore.ieee.org
… A. Teachable Agents Teachable agents have emerged from the body of research on how students benefit from tutoring other students (eg, [2]). The most investigated teachable agent system is Betty’s Brain, designed to help students learn about causal modeling [6]. Students …

Exploring the interactive patterns of concept map-based online discussion: a sequential analysis of users’ operations, cognitive processing, and knowledge …
SY Wu, SY Chen, HT Hou – Interactive Learning Environments, 2016 – Taylor & Francis
Skip to Main Content …

Learning by Designing Instruction in the Context of Simulation-based Inquiry Learning.
C Vreman-de Olde, T de Jong, H Gijlers – Journal of Educational Technology …, 2013 – JSTOR
… This “learning by teaching” approach has been used in technology-enhanced learning in the “Betty’s brain” software (eg, Leelawong & Biswas, 2008). Here students learn by instructing a teachable agent, a graphical computer character equipped with artificial intelligence …

The role of feedback in game-based learning: a review of the literature
S Yi – 2017 – repositories.lib.utexas.edu
… Quantitative 44 students (8th grade) Betty’s Brain Results illustrate some advantages of the CC feedback in comparison with a baseline dialogue mechanism that presents similar strategies in a non-conversational, non-contextualized form. Fiorella et al. (2012) …

A comprehensive text analysis of lecture slides to generate concept maps
T Atapattu, K Falkner, N Falkner – Computers & Education, 2017 – Elsevier
… Additionally, Intelligent Tutoring Systems (ITS) such as Guru (Person, Olney, D’Mello, & Lehman, 2012) and Betty’s Brain (Leelawong & Biswas, 2008) utilised auto-generated concept maps to model domain knowledge and to create concept map learning activities. Olney et al …

Expert Feature-Engineering vs. Deep Neural Networks: Which Is Better for Sensor-Free Affect Detection?
Y Jiang, N Bosch, RS Baker, L Paquette… – … Conference on Artificial …, 2018 – Springer
… We built detectors of student affective states and behaviors as middle school students learned science in an open-ended learning environment called Betty’s Brain, using both approaches … 2 Betty’s Brain. The Betty’s Brain software [21], shown in Fig …

A framework for self?regulated digital learning (SRDL)
MH Yen, S Chen, CY Wang, HL Chen… – Journal of Computer …, 2018 – Wiley Online Library
… Finally, there are teachable agent systems, that is, acting as a teachable student. One representative example is Betty’s Brain (Roscoe, Segedy, Sulcer, Jeong, & Biswas, 2013; Segedy, Biswas, & Sulcer, 2014). Segedy et al …

University of Quebec at Montreal, Faculty of Education, CP 8888, Succursale Centre-Ville Montréal (Québec) Canada H3C 3P8 bari. moncef@ uqam. ca
MA Zahra – academia.edu
… Columbus, OH: Merrill. Leelawong, K, & Biswas, G. (2008): Designing Learning by Teaching Agents: The Betty’s Brain System, International Journal of Artificial Intelligence in Education, Volume 18, Number 3 / 2008, pp 181-208 Mayer, RE, ed. 2005 …

Reflection-in-action markers for reflection-on-action in Computer-Supported Collaborative Learning settings
É Lavoué, G Molinari, Y Prié, S Khezami – Computers & Education, 2015 – Elsevier
… For instance, Betty’s Brain (Roscoe, Segedy, Sulcer, Jeong, & Biswas, 2013) encourages students to produce explanations of their emerging understanding via a causal concept maps that allows an agent system to give them prompts …

Multimodal Analysis and Modeling of Nonverbal Behaviors During Tutoring
JF Grafsgaard – Proceedings of the 16th International Conference on …, 2014 – dl.acm.org
… groups of students. This approach has identified sequences of tutorial interaction related to productive or unproductive work in the Betty’s Brain tutoring system, but it has not been applied to analysis of affect [12]. The next step …

Boosting learning-by-teaching in virtual tutoring
SW Park, CM Kim – Computers & Education, 2015 – Elsevier
… In a Teachable Agent system called Betty’s Brain, students could observe the reasoning process of the teachable agent (Betty), which enabled them to recognize whether they had correctly taught the teachable agent, Betty (Biswas et al., 2005) …

Utilizing Crossword Creation Software To Deepen Learning In Undergraduate Students
ID Stanciu, C Bal – … Scientific Conference eLearning and Software for …, 2015 – ceeol.com
… Computing, 2006, pp. 175-188. [5] Leelawong, K. and Biswas, G., “Designing learning by teaching agents: The Betty’s Brain system,” International Journal of Artificial Intelligence in Education, vol. 18, pp. 181-208, 2008. [6] Biswas …

Semantic taboo–a serious game for vocabulary acquisition
I Toma, CE Alexandru, M Dascalu… – … Journal of Human …, 2017 – hal.archives-ouvertes.fr
… The next section presents Page 7. serious games that support users in their vocabulary expansion and are also adaptable to each user’s need. 4.1.1 Betty’s Brain … (2008). Bringing CBLEs into classrooms: Experiences with the Betty’s Brain system. In ICALT’08. (pp …

Investigating the Effects of Cognitive and Metacognitive Scaffolding on Learners using a Learning by Teaching Environment
C Dumdumaya, M Banawan… – … of the 25th …, 2017 – icce2017.canterbury.ac.nz
… Some examples of these ITSs are Geometry Cognitive Tutor (Schwonke et al., 2013), SimStudent (Matsuda et al., 2014), Betty’s Brain (Leelawong and Biswas, 2008) and SlideTutor (Feyzi-Behnagh et al., 2014) … Designing learning by teaching agents: The Betty’s Brain system …

The potential for using artificial intelligence techniques to improve e-Learning systems
E Wakelam, A Jefferies, N Davey… – ECEL 2015 Conference …, 2015 – uhra.herts.ac.uk
… Develops web tutoring systems. AutoTutor [U] University of Memphis Intelligent tutoring Natural language. Speech engine. Newtonian physics, Introductory computer literacy. Betty’s Brain [P, S] Vanderbilt & Stanford Universities Cognitive Metacognitive skills. STEMM …

Web?based reading annotation system with an attention?based self?regulated learning mechanism for promoting reading performance
CM Chen, SH Huang – British Journal of Educational …, 2014 – Wiley Online Library
… Roscoe, Segedy, Sulcer, Jeong and Biswas (2013) designed a teachable agent system called Betty’s Brain to support SRL and strategy use of Grade 7 middle school students on topics in climate change and thermoregulation …

Using coherence analysis to characterize self-regulated learning behaviours in open-ended learning environments
JR Segedy, JS Kinnebrew… – Journal of Learning …, 2015 – epress.lib.uts.edu.au
… To validate our approach, we applied CA to data from a recent classroom study with Betty’s Brain … To validate our approach, we applied CA to data from a recent classroom study with the Betty’s Brain OELE (Kinnebrew, Segedy, & Biswas, 2014; Leelawong & Biswas, 2008) …

The big problems–What does the research say about how Artificial Intelligence and Big Data can close the achievement gap?
B du Boulay, A Poulovassilis, W Holmes, M Mavrikis – users.sussex.ac.uk
… Exploratory Learning Environments for conceptual understanding – BETTY’s Brain Our second example is Betty’s Brain, a system designed to teach scientific conceptual understanding of river ecosystems (Leelawong and Biswas, 2008) …

The Future Of Blended Learning: A Report For Students And Policy Makers
M Vahed, RM Rakeeb Hossain, R Yu, S Javed… – 2017 – fcss-fesc.ca
… In Proc. of the 13th Int. Conf. on Artificial Intelligence in Education, Los Angeles, USA. Leelawong, K., & Biswas, G. (2008). Designing Learning by Teaching Agents: The Betty’s Brain System. International Journal of Artificial Intelligence in Education, 18(3), 181-208. Page 13 …

Metacognitive Mathematics Tutor: Mathematics Tutoring System with Metacognitive Strategies
A Raza, H Kazi, MA Nizamani – International Journal of Computer …, 2016 – researchgate.net
… 339-348). Springer Berlin Heidelberg. [8] Leelawong, K., & Biswas, G. (2008). Designing learning by teaching agents: The Betty’s Brain system. International Journal of Artificial Intelligence in Education, 18(3), 181-208. [9] Freedman, R., Ali, SS, & McRoy, S. (2000) …

Supporting problem-solving in Mathematics with a conversational agent capable of representing gifted students’ knowledge
EVB Aguiar, LMR Tarouco… – System Sciences (HICSS …, 2014 – ieeexplore.ieee.org
… Sciences, 2002, pp. 546-547. [17] K. Leelawong, G. Biswas, “Designing learning by teaching agents: The Betty’s Brain system”, International Journal of Artificial Intelligence in Education, vol. 18, no. 3, 2008, pp. 181-208. [18] B …

Constructing inferences in naturalistic reading contexts
AC Graesser, H Li, S Feng – Inferences during reading, 2015 – books.google.com
Page 307. 13 Constructing inferences in naturalistic reading contexts Arthur C. Graesser, Haiying Li, and Shi Feng Twenty-five years ago my colleagues and I (the first author of this chapter) were in an intense debate over what …

Metacognitive tutoring for inquiry-driven modeling
DA Joyner – 2015 – smartech.gatech.edu
… available content (Azevedo et al. 2011). Betty’s Brain turns the relationship on its head by putting the student in the position of tutoring a software agent, focusing in part on metacognitive reasoning (Biswas et al. 2005; Kinnebrew, Biswas, Sulcer, & Taylor 2012) …

Learning from the folly of others: Learning to self-correct by monitoring the reasoning of virtual characters in a computer-supported mathematics learning environment
SY Okita – Computers & Education, 2014 – Elsevier
… 2012). For example, in a game-like environment, such as ‘Betty’s Brain’ (Biswas et al., 2005; Chin et al., 2010), students used a computerized concept map to teach causal relationships to a pedagogical computer character. Then …

Multimodal Affect Modeling in Task-Oriented Tutorial Dialogue.
JF Grafsgaard – 2014 – repository.lib.ncsu.edu
Page 1. ABSTRACT GRAFSGAARD, JOSEPH F. Multimodal Affect Modeling in Task-Oriented Tutorial Dialogue. (Under the direction of Dr. Kristy Elizabeth Boyer and Dr. James C. Lester.) Recent years have seen a growing recognition of the central role of affect and …

Worlds’ first “Teachable Agent”–game outside the mathematics and science domain
A Forsberg, M Hougen, L Håkansson… – Intelligent, socially oriented …, 2013 – Citeseer
… Intrinsic motivation refers to motivation that is driven by an interest or enjoyment in the task it- self, and exists within the individual rather than relying on any external pressure. Intrinsic motivation is based Figure 1 Betty’s Brain 86 Page 91 …

Artificial Persuasion in Pedagogical Games
Z Zeng – arXiv preprint arXiv:1601.06245, 2016 – arxiv.org
… In order to harness the benefits of Learning-by-Teaching, researchers have designed various TAs, such as Betty’s Brain [3] and SimStudent [4]. However … formats. Betty’s Brain is an agent developed to facilitate the learning of middle school …

Designing adaptive instruction for teams: A meta-analysis
RA Sottilare, CS Burke, E Salas, AM Sinatra… – International Journal of …, 2018 – Springer
… 2013; Cai et al. 2014). Another example of a team proxy is the cooperative interaction described in Betty’s Brain, where the student is responsible to teach the agent (Leelawong and Biswas 2008; Biswas et al. 2016). These …

A negotiation-based adaptive learning system for regulating help-seeking behaviors
CY Chou, KR Lai, PY Chao, SF Tseng, TY Liao – Computers & Education, 2018 – Elsevier
Skip to main content …

Instruction based on adaptive learning technologies
V Aleven, EA McLaughlin, RA Glenn… – Handbook of research …, 2016 – cs.cmu.edu
Page 1. Running head: ADAPTIVE LEARNING TECHNOLOGIES Draft. Please do not distribute. 1 INSTRUCTION BASED ON ADAPTIVE LEARNING TECHNOLOGIES Vincent Aleven, Elizabeth A. McLaughlin, R. Amos Glenn, Kenneth R. Koedinger …

Examining the Learning-by-Teaching Process Through Concept Maps
L Murry – 2018 – jewlscholar.mtsu.edu
… as a learning tool (Biswas et al., 2005; Leelawong & Biswas, 2008; Holmes, 2007; Park & Kim, 2016). Biswas et al. (2005) use a teachable agent, Betty’s Brain, in their study examining learning-by-teaching and self-regulation. Students teach Betty by creating …

Persuasive Teachable Agent for Intergenerational Learning
SF Lim – arXiv preprint arXiv:1601.07264, 2016 – arxiv.org
… the agent’s explanation to a problem. Within the Betty’s Brain system, the “Protégé Effect” (Chase et al., 2009) was observed … Gulz, 2011). 2.1.2 Progress in Teachable Agent Research Improvements on Betty’s Brain system has been made to explore the relationship between …

Attentional guidance and media presentation during explicit instruction
WL Cade – 2015 – search.proquest.com
… Page 22. 13 been incorporated into educational software (Cañas et al., 2001; Stull & Mayer, 2007). Two ITSs, Betty’s Brain (Leelawong & Biswas, 2008) and Guru (Olney et al., 2012), have used interactive concept maps as learning activities. In Betty’s Brain, students …

Learning how to construct models of dynamic systems: an initial evaluation of the dragoon intelligent tutoring system
K VanLehn, J Wetzel, S Grover… – IEEE Transactions on …, 2016 – ieeexplore.ieee.org
Page 1. 1939-1382 (c) 2015 IEEE. Personal use is permitted, but republication/ redistribution requires IEEE permission. See http://www.ieee.org/ publications_standards/publications/rights/index.html for more information. This …

A Semantic Approach to Problem-Based Learning with Conceptual Models
EL Hontecillas, JG del Río – 2015 – oa.upm.es
Page 1. Departamento de Inteligencia Artificial Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingenieros Informáticos PhD Thesis A Semantic Approach to Problem-Based Learning with Conceptual Models Author: Esther Lozano Hontecillas Supervisors: Prof. Dr. Asunción Gómez Pérez …

Using sequence mining to reveal the efficiency in scientific reasoning during STEM learning with a game-based learning environment
M Taub, R Azevedo, AE Bradbury, GC Millar… – Learning and …, 2018 – Elsevier
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Supporting learner-controlled problem selection in intelligent tutoring systems
Y Long – … Human-Computer Interaction Institute, Carnegie Mellon …, 2015 – cs.cmu.edu
Page 1. i Supporting Learner-Controlled Problem Selection in Intelligent Tutoring Systems Yanjin Long Human-Computer Interaction Institute School of Computer Science Carnegie Mellon University Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213 CMU-HCII-15-106 September, 2015 …