Notes:
This text discusses the use of robots and virtual characters, specifically virtual humans, in various applications. It mentions the use of techniques such as behavior generation and coordination to enable these characters to interact with humans in a natural way. The text also mentions the use of artificial intelligence, speech recognition, and nonverbal behavior generation to enable the virtual characters to express and convey emotions and to interact with humans in a realistic way. The text also discusses the challenges of creating mutually coordinated interaction between humans and virtual humans, and the importance of new developments in user perception and behavior generation for virtual humans. The text also mentions the use of state-of-the-art technologies and existing platforms and tools to create virtual human applications, and the importance of addressing the time and effort required for the development of these applications. Finally, the text mentions the use of virtual human architectures and components covering various aspects of data interpretation, reasoning, and behavior generation to enable the creation of complete virtual human applications.
See also:
Virtual Rapport 2.0
L Huang, LP Morency, J Gratch – International Workshop on Intelligent …, 2011 – Springer
… Keywords: Rapport, Virtual human, Positivity, Mutual attention, Coordination … and social presence [11]; it generally underperforms human users in terms of subjective and behavioral measures [29]1; and our research on data-driven methods for behavior generation suggests the …
A behavior-authoring framework for multiactor simulations
M Kapadia, S Singh, G Reinman… – … Computer Graphics and …, 2011 – ieeexplore.ieee.org
… Then, the animation system animates models of virtual humans and vehicles along the simulated paths … Behavior Generation Generation of multiactor behaviors involves seven steps. First, we define the actors, Aci = ?Si, Ai, Ci, Bi?, where …
Continuous interaction with a virtual human
D Reidsma, I de Kok, D Neiberg, SC Pammi… – Journal on Multimodal …, 2011 – Springer
… ORIGINAL PAPER Continuous interaction with a virtual human … This article is published with open access at Springerlink.com Abstract This paper presents our progress in developing a Virtual Human capable of being an attentive speaker …
How to train your avatar: A data driven approach to gesture generation
CC Chiu, S Marsella – International Workshop on Intelligent Virtual Agents, 2011 – Springer
… After training, the gesture generator can be applied to generate animations with recorded speech for a virtual human … The Nonverbal Behavior Generator (NVBG) [15] extends this framework by making a clearer distinction between the communicative intent embedded in the …
Handshake: Realistic human-robot interaction in haptic enhanced virtual reality
Z Wang, E Giannopoulos, M Slater, A Peer – Presence, 2011 – ieeexplore.ieee.org
… in basic mode with an embedded curve in the robot that disregards the human partner, and an interactive robot controller for online behavior generation … be able to feel the weight and elasticity of virtual objects as well as to touch and interact with a virtual human partner in a real …
Towards more comprehensive listening behavior: beyond the bobble head
Z Wang, J Lee, S Marsella – International Workshop on Intelligent Virtual …, 2011 – Springer
… implemented within the nonverbal behavior generation component of our virtual human system and drives the agent to perform feedback automatically and dynamically. This work will be extended in several ways. A range of extensions to the model are being considered …
Behavior Generation for Interpersonal Coordination with Virtual Humans: on Specifying, Scheduling and Realizing Multimodal Virtual Human Behavior
H van Welbergen – 2011 – research.utwente.nl
Virtual environments inhabited by virtual humans are now commonplace in many applications, particularly in (serious) games. These virtual humans interact with other (virtual) humans and their surroundings. For such interactions, detailed\emph {control} over …
Planning Small Talk behavior with cultural influences for multiagent systems
B Endrass, M Rehm, E André – Computer Speech & Language, 2011 – Elsevier
… Enhancing the behavior of virtual humans with a personality component has been a vast research field in recent years … The CUBE-G project (Rehm et al., 2007) for example, investigates culture-adaptive behavior generation for interactions with embodied conversational agents …
Intelligent virtual patients for training clinical skills
A Rizzo, P Kenny, TD Parsons – JVRB-Journal of Virtual Reality and …, 2011 – jvrb.org
… Keywords: Simulation, Virtual Humans, Virtual Training, Virtual Patients, Behaviour Generation, SpeechSynthesis, Dialogue Generation, Speech Recognition. Subjects: Automated Speech Generation, Training, Communication Training, Computersimulation, Virtual Reality …
CIGA: a middleware for intelligent agents in virtual environments
J van Oijen, L Vanhée, F Dignum – … on Agents for Educational Games and …, 2011 – Springer
… These aspects can play an important role in simulating virtual humans for example … Annals of Mathematics and Artificial Intelligence, pp. 1–35 (2010) 4. Brom, C., Lukavsk`y, J., Šer`y, O., Poch, T., Šafrata, P.: Affordances and level-of- detail AI for virtual humans …
Multimodal behavior realization for embodied conversational agents
A ?erekovi?, IS Pandži? – Multimedia Tools and Applications, 2011 – Springer
… Applications with intelligent conversational virtual humans, called Embodied Conversational Agents (ECAs), seek to bring human-like abilities … example, most of the existing multimodal behavior character animation systems incorporate nonverbal behavior generation rules from …
Modelling selective visual attention for autonomous virtual characters
E Kokkinara, O Oyekoya, A Steed – Computer Animation and …, 2011 – Wiley Online Library
… AVCs require believable virtual human animations, accompanied by natural attention generation, and thus the software that controls the AVCs needs to model when and how to interact with the objects and other characters that exist in the virtual environment …
Towards ECA’s Animation of Expressive Complex Behaviour
I Mlakar, M Rojc – Analysis of Verbal and Nonverbal Communication and …, 2011 – Springer
… DeCarolis, B., Pelachaud, C., Poggi, I., Steedman, M.: APML, a mark-up language for be- lievable behavior generation … MIT Press, Cambridge (2000) 40. Kopp, S., Allwood, J., Grammer, K., Ahlsen, E., Stocksmeier, T.: Modeling Embodied Feedback with Virtual Humans …
V3S, a virtual environment for risk management training
S Coquillart, A Steed, G Welch – JVRC11: Joint Virtual Reality …, 2011 – researchgate.net
… Most of the work conducted on behaviour generation for vir- tual characters lean on frameworks inspired by mathematic formalisms, such as Petri … 5 [SGH?06] SWARTOUT W., GRATCH J., HILL RW, HOVY E., MARSELLA S., RICKEL J., TRAUM D.: Toward virtual humans …
Leading and following with a virtual trainer
D Reidsma, E Dehling, H van Welbergen… – Workshop on Whole …, 2011 – core.ac.uk
… 6. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION Mutually coordinated interaction between humans and vir- tual humans is a challenging topic that requires new devel- opments in user perception as well as behavior generation for virtual humans …
Creating familiarity through adaptive behavior generation in human-agent interaction
R Yaghoubzadeh, S Kopp – International Workshop on Intelligent Virtual …, 2011 – Springer
… ECAs, or ‘virtual humans’ … With the SAIBA architecture [8], the community attempted to establish a model of behavior generation with a trichotomy between the Intent Planning (‘function’), the Behavior Planning (choosing a ‘form’), and the Behavior Realization layer, bridged by …
Believable Virtual Characters in Human-Computer Dialogs.
Y Jung, A Kuijper, DW Fellner, M Kipp… – Eurographics …, 2011 – michaelkipp.de
… the integration of virtual characters into whole 3D applica- tions, but also to ease the interaction between real and virtual humans … in dialog systems all these topics are connected with each others, but mostly only dialog and high- level behavior generation, interface languages …
Coordinating the generation of signs in multiple modalities in an affective agent
JC Martin, L Devillers, A Raouzaiou, G Caridakis… – Emotion-Oriented …, 2011 – Springer
… In this section, we explain the importance of behaviour generation in ECAs … J Virtual Reality Lang Speech Gesture 8(4 Special issue):201–212Google Scholar. André E (2006) Corpus-based approaches to behavior modeling for virtual humans: a critical review …
Embodied conversational virtual patients
PG Kenny, TD Parsons – Conversational agents and natural …, 2011 – igi-global.com
… Building large systems like these to drive virtual humans are vast software engineering projects that are hard to manage and develop … Non-Verbal Behavior Generator (NVBG) – Gestures and postures play a key role in realizing expressive, interpretable behavior in general and …
Toward incorporating emotions with rationality into a communicative virtual agent
A Kiselev, BA Hacker, T Wankerl, N Abdikeev… – AI & society, 2011 – Springer
… While the idea of the SAIBA framework is to distinguish between three layers in behavior generation, we have implemented the same technique in … therefore result in a lower recognition rate of coherent gestures and lead to an unnatural way of interaction with the virtual human …
Towards culturally-aware virtual agent systems
B Endrass, E André, M Rehm – Handbook of Research on Culturally …, 2011 – igi-global.com
Page 1. 412 Copyright © 2011, IGI Global. Copying or distributing in print or electronic forms without written permission of IGI Global is prohibited. Chapter 18 Towards Culturally-Aware Virtual Agent Systems Birgit Endrass Augsburg University, Germany …
Affect-sensitive virtual standardized patient interface system
TD Parsons – Clinical Technologies: Concepts, Methodologies, Tools …, 2011 – igi-global.com
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Intelligent Virtual Agents
HH Vilhjálmsson, S Kopp, S Marsella… – Proceedings 11th Int …, 2011 – Springer
… Huang, Louis-Philippe Morency, and Jonathan Gratch It’s in Their Eyes: A Study on Female and Male Virtual Humans’ Gaze … 183 Astrid M. von der Pütten, Laura Hoffmann, Jennifer Klatt, and Nicole C. Krämer Creating Familiarity through Adaptive Behavior Generation in Human …
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H Buschmeier, S Kopp – International Workshop on Intelligent Virtual …, 2011 – Springer
… Concerning behaviour generation, Billie so far adapts mainly on the level of behaviour planning – only coarse adaptations being carried out on the level of intent … Kopp, S., Allwood, J., Grammer, K., Ahlsen, E., Stocksmeier, T.: Modeling em- bodied feedback with virtual humans …
Multi-level cognitive machine-learning based concept for human-like “artificial” walking: application to autonomous stroll of humanoid robots
K Madani, C Sabourin – Neurocomputing, 2011 – Elsevier
Skip to main content …
Generating engagement behaviors in human-robot interaction
A Holroyd – 2011 – digitalcommons.wpi.edu
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Incremental interpretation and prediction of utterance meaning for interactive dialogue
D DeVault, K Sagae, D Traum – Dialogue & Discourse, 2011 – journals.linguisticsociety.org
… We have begun to explore these issues in the context of the dialogue behavior of virtual humans (Rickel and Johnson 1999) (also called embodied conversational agents (Cassell et al. 2000)) for multiparty negotiation role-playing (Traum et al. 2008) …
Modeling side participants and bystanders: The importance of being a laugh track
J Lee, S Marsella – International Workshop on Intelligent Virtual Agents, 2011 – Springer
… Implementation: The mapping shown in Table 2 has been constructed as a set of rules within the Nonverbal Behavior Generator (NVBG) [7], the be- havior planner of our virtual human system. For speakers, the communicative …
Representing emotions and related states in technological systems
M Schröder, H Pirker, M Lamolle, F Burkhardt… – Emotion-Oriented …, 2011 – Springer
… systems are appearing, which typically consist of multiple components covering various aspects of data interpretation, reasoning, and behaviour generation … For example, the Virtual Human Markup Language VHML (Gustavsson et al., 2001) was created in order to control the …
Cross-media agent platform
R Niewiadomski, M Obaid, E Bevacqua… – Proceedings of the 16th …, 2011 – dl.acm.org
… generate consistent output from the BML code. SmartBody can be used with the Nonverbal Behavior Generator [Lee and Marsella 2006] that corresponds to the Behavior Planner in the SAIBA framework. It is a rule-based module …
Bridging the gap between social animal and unsocial machine: A survey of social signal processing
A Vinciarelli, M Pantic, D Heylen… – IEEE Transactions …, 2011 – ieeexplore.ieee.org
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Robust and authorable multiplayer storytelling experiences
M Riedl, B Li, H Ai, A Ram – Seventh Artificial Intelligence and Interactive …, 2011 – aaai.org
… Hi- erarchical petri nets for story plots featuring virtual humans. In Proc … Young, RM; Riedl, MO; Branly, M.; Jhala, A.; Martin, R.; and Saretto, C. 2004. An architecture for integrating plan-based behavior generation with interactive game envi- ronments …
Virtual Battlespace Behavior Generation Through Class Imitation
BK Fryer Jr – 2011 – scholar.afit.edu
… In this way, agent behavior generation techniques are attempting to represent actors realistically by portraying their behaviors that is representative of the desired entities’ behaviors … Guadagno et. al: “[T]he more realistic the behaviors of virtual human representations …
The BML Sequencer: A Tool for Authoring Multi-character Animations
P Aggarwal, D Traum – International Workshop on Intelligent Virtual Agents, 2011 – Springer
… run-time of the system, retrieving a BML schedule when presented with an FML behavior request for a specific utterance, using the same protocol as NVBG in the virtual human toolkit.1 … 1. Lee, J., Marsella, S.: Nonverbal behavior generator for embodied conversational agents …
Modeling parallel state charts for multithreaded multimodal dialogues
G Mehlmann, B Endraß, E André – Proceedings of the 13th international …, 2011 – dl.acm.org
… approach. For the future we plan to integrate our system with other components, as for example emotion sim- ulation and emotional speech synthesis, nonverbal behavior generation as well as speech recognition. This implies …
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D Reidsma, H van Welbergen – International Conference on Intelligent …, 2011 – Springer
… Human Media Interaction, University of Twente, The Netherlands d.reidsma@utwente.nl http://hmi.ewi.utwente.nl Abstract. Building a complete virtual human application from scratch is a daunting task, and it makes sense to rely on existing platforms for behavior generation …
Patterns of Synchronization of Non-Verbal Cues and Speech in ECAs: Towards a more “natural” conversational agent
N Rossini – Toward Autonomous, Adaptive, and Context-Aware …, 2011 – Springer
… It is in- teresting to note that both speech planner and behaviour generator are separate but inter-wired, so that the animation can be … www.media.mit.edu/gnl/pubs/imagina02.pdf 3. Cassell, J.: Trading spaces: Gesture Morphology and Semantics in Humans and Virtual Humans …
Multi-actor planning for directable simulations
M Kapadia, S Singh, G Reinman… – 2011 Workshop on …, 2011 – ieeexplore.ieee.org
… The performance results are provided in Figure 3. The amortized performance of our behavior generation framework for the results shown in … [14] Qinxin Yu and Demetri Terzopoulos, “A decision network framework for the behavioral animation of virtual humans,” in Proceedings …
Collision avoidance series of technique for crowd simulation
NAB Mustapha, BA BADE – Universiti Teknologi Malaysia …, 2011 – pdfs.semanticscholar.org
… 3. Crowd behaviour generation: The crowd behaviour such as type collision response, behaviour of agents, appropriate perception modelling 4. Interaction with virtual crowds: Mode … If two virtual humans are potentially colliding, only one will be allowed to go on first with its path …
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M Kapadia – 2011 – pdfs.semanticscholar.org
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Universal emotional behavior decision model for applying to various social robots with different specifications and purposes
HS Ahn, JY Choi, DW Lee… – 2011 11th International …, 2011 – ieeexplore.ieee.org
… Becker developed the virtual human ‘Max’ that expresses its emotion using the WASABI architecture [8]. The ‘WASABI’ uses a … This paper is organized as follows. In Section 2, we introduce a universal emotional behavior decision model and a behavior generation system …
Embodied conversational characters: Representation formats for multimodal communicative behaviours
B Krenn, C Pelachaud, H Pirker, C Peters – Emotion-Oriented Systems, 2011 – Springer
… and thus particularly geared towards certain ECA implementations or aiming at the representation of certain aspects in multimodal behaviour generation … Virtual Human Markup Language (VHML) presents a more down-to-earth initiative for a language that should facilitate the …
Modeling and Simulation of Influenza with Biological Agent: A New Approch for Increasing System Robustness
T Banirostam, MN Fesharaki – 2011 Fifth Asia Modelling …, 2011 – ieeexplore.ieee.org
… Agents with adaptation ability impose more calculating to the enemy for recognize their behavior generation, and also increases the complexity of self system … 303–313, 2001. [16] A. Emerson, and E. Rossi, “ImmunoGrid – The Virtual Human Immune System Project,” Studies in …
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M Rojc, I Mlakar – Speech and Language Technologies, 2011 – intechopen.com
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S Gandhe, M Rushforth, P Aggarwal… – … Annual Conference of …, 2011 – isca-speech.org
… a standard pipeline architecture for our virtual human dialogue system (see [4] for more details). It has modules for speech recognition (ASR), natural language understanding and generation (NLU, NLG), Dialogue management (DM), non- verbal behavior generation [10] and …
Intuition as instinctive dialogue
D Sonntag – Computing with instinct, 2011 – Springer
… User: “Who was world champion in 1990?”—System: “Germany.” Other directions (figure 1, down right) are the use of virtual human-like characters and multi- modal, ambient intelligence environments where cameras detect human hand and finger gestures [24] …
SceneMaker: Visual Authoring of Dialogue Processes
G Mehlmann, P Gebhard, B Endrass… – Knowledge and Reasoning …, 2011 – Citeseer
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R Kumar, CP Rosé – Proceedings of the SIGDIAL 2011 Conference, 2011 – dl.acm.org
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Behavior Generation For Interpersonal Coordination With Virtual Humans
H VAN WELBERGEN – 2011 – Citeseer
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Generation and Analysis of Communicative Robot Gesture
M Salem, S Kopp, I Wachsmuth, K Rohlfing, F Joublin – academia.edu
… Communicator Engine (ACE), which implements the speech-gesture production model originally designed and implemented for the virtual human agent Max … Fig. 1 The goal of the present work is to realize speech and non-verbal behavior generation for the physical Honda hu …
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JF Morie, E Chance, K Haynes, D Rajpurohit – researchgate.net
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Brains and Bodies for Interactive Stories
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